Blood Gasses Flashcards
Ph less than 7.35
Acidosis
Respiratory : decreased respiratory leads to CO2 retention
Metabolic: excretion of excessive bicarbonate
Ph greater than 7.45
Alkalosis
Respiratory: increased respiration’s lead to increased CO2 elimination and decreased CO2 in the blood
Metabolic: reabsorption/ holding on to bicarbonate
Respiratory acidosis
Decreased ventilation increases the concentration of CO2 in the blood therefore decreasing bloods ph
Respiratory acidosis causes
CNS depression
Impaired respiratory muscle function
Pulmonary disease
Chest wall injury
Abdominal distention
Respiratory acidosis signs
Respiratory distress or shallow breathing
Restlessness/ confusion
Drowsiness
Tachycardia
Respiratory acidosis treatment
NEED TO BREATHE
Drug reversal
Treat underlying cause
Oxygen alone will NOT correct
Respiratory alkalosis
Increased respiration elevates the blood pH beyond normal range with a concurrent reduction in the arterial levels of CO2
Respiratory alkalosis causes
Increased breathing caused by..
Anxiety/ fear
Pain
Pulmonary embolus
Increased metabolic demand
Respiratory alkalosis signs
Light headedness
Numbness / tingling
Confusion / difficulty concentrating
Dysrhythmia
Respiratory alkalosis treatment
Treat underlying cause
Watch for respiratory fatigue
Sedate patient
“Brown bag”
Metabolic acidosis
Body produces excessive quantities of acid or when the kidneys are not removing enough acid from the body
Metabolic acidosis causes
Increase acid in body
Diarrhea
Renal failure
DKA
starvation
Poisoning
Metabolic acidosis signs
Warms, flushed skin
Nausea, vomiting
Restlessness progressing to coma
Metabolic acidosis treatment
Treat underlying cause
IV bicarbonate
Nephrology consult for dialysis
Metabolic alkalosis
Ph of tissue is elevated beyond normal range
