Blood Electrolytes & Gases Flashcards
Osmolarity
285-295 mmol/kg h2O
Sodium (Na+)
136-145 mEq/L or mmol/L
Potassium (K+)
High alert medication, can cause cardiac arrest
3.5-5.0 mEq/L or mmol/L
largest intracellular electrolyte, for transmission of electrical impulses in nerves & muscles. Maintains resting membrane potential for muscle.
90% excreted by kidneys.
Chloride (Cl-)
98-106 mEq/L or mmol/L
Total CO2
22-30 mEq/L or mmol/L
CO2 is acidic
Bicarbonate (HCO3-)
Arterial 21-28 mEq/L or mmol/L
Venous 24-30 mEq/L or mmol/L
Alkaline
Total Calcium (Ca2+)
9-10.5 mg/dL or 2.25-2.62 mmol/L
Influences excitability of nerve and muscle cells, necessary for muscle contraction.
Most abundant mineral, 99% stored in bones & teeth. Need Vit D for gut absorption.
Regulated by parathyroid PTH
Ionized calcium (Ca2+)
4.5-5.6 mg-dL (1.05-1.3 mmol/L)
Unbound bioavailable form, usually 50% of total calcium
Magnesium (Mg2+)
High alert medication
1.3-2.1 mEq/L (0.65-1.05 mmol/L)
2nd most abundant intracellular electrolyte. Assists in regulation of nerve and muscle function. Cofactor for numerous enzymes.
Phosphate
3.0-4.5 mg/dL (0.97-1.45 mmol/L)
Necessary for production of ATP
Anion Gap
6+ / -4 mEq/L or mmol/L
pH
7.35-7.45
PaCO2
Level of CO2 in blood
35-45 mm Hg (4.7-6 kPa)
PaO2
80-100 mm Hg (10.7-13.3 kPa)
Level of oxygen in blood
O2 saturation
95%-100% (0.95-1.00)
