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Pharmacology > Blood Disorder > Flashcards

Blood Disorder Flashcards

1
Q

Main Blood Disorder Drug

A 
Anti Anemia
Anti-Coagulant
Anti-Platelet
Anti-Fibrinolytic
Anti-Hyperdemic
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2
Q

Anemia

A

Low con of HB in blood, Low o2 in blood

-2SD (Male14-16 gram %, Female 13-15 gram %)

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3
Q

Anemia characterized by

A

Pallor- Pale skin & mucous membrane
Fatigue - Tiredness
Shortness of Breath -Dyspenea

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4
Q

Type of Anemia

A

Microcytic(Fe)
Macrocytic(B12,Folic acid) (Megaloplastic)
Normocytic
Mixed

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5
Q

Normocytic Anemia

A

BM failure
Endocrine failure
Chronic disease

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6
Q

Clinical Indication Fe deficiency

A 
Dietery deficiency
Chronic blood loss
Increased demand
Inadequate absorption
Early tt of pernicous anemia
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7
Q

Pernicous anemia

A

Atrophy of gastric mucosa(Produce intrinsic factor- Absorb B12)
B12 deficiency Megaloplastic Anemia

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8
Q

Anemia TT concept

A

Correct cause

Iron replacement theraphy

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9
Q

Anemia Oral Preparation

A

Ferrous Fumarate(Syrup)
Ferrous Gluconate
Ferrous Sulphate
Ferrous Succinate(Elixir)

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10
Q

Oral Anemia start small dose & increase gradually

A

Avoid GIT upset

Better with food

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11
Q

Oral Anemia Failure

A

Bad compliance
Continuous blood loss
Wrong diagnosis

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12
Q

Oral Anemia Adr

A

GI upset, might blacken the faces

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13
Q

Parenteral anemia Indication

A

Need sure & definate response
Non compliance
Intolerable GIT symptom
Can’t be absorbed through GIT

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14
Q

Parenteral anemia IM

Iron Dextran Inferon 50mg/ml

A

Deep & Painful
May stain skin Dark Brown (2 years)
Headache, nausea, metallic taste (2 hours)

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15
Q

Parenteral anemia IV

A

Total dose infusion
Iron Sorbitol Jactofer 50mg/ml
Iron Dextran Inferon 50mg/ml

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16
Q

Acute Iron Toxicity

A

Iron Chelation
At home, give Raw Egg & milk
Avoid citreous fruit juice
Deferoxamine(desferal)

17
Q

Chronic Iron Toxicity(Haemochromatosis)

A 
in Chronic Iron Theraphy
Repeated blood transfusion
Haemolytic Anemia
tt Venesection in non-anemic
Chelation in anemic
18
Q

b12 importance in

A

Lipid metabolism & neuronal function(Subacute combined degeneration of the cord)
DNA synthesis, Production of RBC(Megaloblastic Anemia)

19
Q

Cause b12 deficiency

A

Mostly Pernicous Anemia

Less Dietry

20
Q

Cyanococabolamine(IM,IV)

A

tt b12 defi

21
Q

Hydroxycabolamine (IM,IV)

A

tt b12 defi

TT of “Cyanide Poisoning”

22
Q

Failure TT b12

A

Wrong diagnosis

23
Q

early tt of b12 need

A

Fe
Folic Acid
K+

24
Q

Folic Acid clinical use

A

Tt of Megaloplastic Anemia
Tt & Prevention of Methotrexate Toxicity
Prophylaxis of individual developing folate deficiency

25
Q

individual developing folate deficiency

A

Pregnant women
Premature Infants
Chronic Heamolytic Anemia
Prevention of Spina Bifina

26
Q

Warfarin & Dicumarol

A 
Oral anticoagulant
Invivo(vit k competitive(1972))
cross placenta
antidote IV Vit K, Phytomenadione
slow onset
27
Q

Heparin, Low Molecular Weight Heparin(LMWH)

A

Stimulate + Antithrombin III
Invivo & invitro
Don’t cross placenta
Antidote Protamine Sulphate SO4

28
Q

Clinical use of Anticoagulant

A

Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) preooperatively
Extension of DVT or recurrent of pulmonary embolism
Thrombosis or embolism in atrial fibrilation
Clotting during heamodylisis or bypass surgery
Thrombosis on prostetic valve
Unstable angina

29
Q

Contraindication Anticoagulant

A 
Bleeding tendency
Ulcerative lession of GIT
Suspected intercranial haemorrage
Severe Hypertension
Advance hepatic and renal disease
Pregnancy "oral & non-parenteral"
Hypersensitivity
30
Q

Antiplatelet class

A

Inhibit ADP receptor (Thienopyrimidine)
COX inhibitor(inhibit TXA2 production)
Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor
GP IIb/IIIa Inhibitor - platelet aggregation

31
Q

Inhibit ADP receptor (Thienopyrimidine)

A

Ticlopidine
Clopidogrel
Prasugrel

32
Q

COX inhibitor(inhibit TXA2 production)

A

Aspirin

Sulfinpyrazone

33
Q

Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor

A

Dipyridamole
Epoprostenol(PGI2)
Prostaglandin

34
Q

GP IIb/IIIa Inhibitor - platelet aggregation

A

Abciximab
Eptifibatide
Tirofiban

35
Q

Clinical uses anti-platelet

A 
Acute Myocardiac Infraction
After coronary artery bypass grafting
Unstable angina
Coronary stenting
Thrombotic stroke- Prevent recurrent
AF if Anticoagulant are contraindicated
Arterial thrombosis - PACV
36
Q

ANtihyperdemic drug

A 
Targeting exogeneous
Cholesterol uptake inhibitor(Ezetemibe)
Bile acid binding resin(Colestipol & Cholestyramine)
Targeting endogeneous
Statin, Fibrates, Nicotinic Acid

Pharmacology (5 decks)

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