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blood collection equipment lec Flashcards

1
Q

primary duty of the phlebotomist

A

collect blood specimens for laboratory testing.

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2
Q

Blood is collected by several methods, including

A

arterial puncture, capillary puncture, and venipuncture.

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3
Q

Also known as the phlebotomy area section

A

BLOOD-DRAWING STATION

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4
Q

blood drawing station is near the

A

reception area

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5
Q

Where patients who have their blood drawn are seated

A

PHLEBOTOMY CHAIRS

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6
Q

TWO TYPES OF PHLEBOTOMY CHAIRS

A

Chair with adjustable arms and hydraulic height adjustment

Reclinable chair

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7
Q

handheld carriers is also known as

A

Also known as phlebotomy equipment carriers or trays

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8
Q

They are convenient for STAT or emergency situations or when relatively few patients need blood work

A

HANDHELD CARRIERS

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9
Q

Found in the phlebotomy area and has different shelves. Don’t forget to replenish the materials

A

PHLEBOTOMY CARTS

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10
Q

PHLEBOTOMY CARTS are made of

A

stainless steel or strong synthetic material

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11
Q

Used to prevent sepsis, which is the essence of microorganisms or their toxic products within the bloodstream

A

ANTISEPTICS

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12
Q

The antiseptic most commonly used for routine blood collection is

A

70% isopropyl alcohol

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13
Q

Substances or solutions regulated by the ____ that are used to remove or kill microorganisms on surfaces and instruments

A

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA); DISINFECTANT

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14
Q

dilution for small and large spills

A

1:100 dilution - for small spills/ nonporous
1:10 dilution - for large spills

10 MINUTES CONTACT TIME FOR BLEACH BASED

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15
Q

Alcohol based sanitizers for routine decontamination of hands as a substitute for handwashing provided hat the hands are not visibly soiled

A

HAND SANITIZERS

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16
Q

All must be clearly marked with a biohazard symbol and be rigid, puncture resistant, leakproof, disposable, and have locking lids to seal the contents when filled to the appropriate volume.

A

NEEDLE AND SHARPS DISPOSAL CONTAINERS

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17
Q

color of NEEDLE AND SHARPS DISPOSAL CONTAINERS

A

red or yellow

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18
Q

leakproofplasticbagsthat are commonly used to transport blood and
other specimens from the collection site to the laboratory.

A

BIOHAZARD BAGS

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19
Q

Bringing samples to another laboratory
to do the request test because it is not available in the lab. We place the sample in the hazard container.

A

Send out

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20
Q

Many healthcare facilities use barcode technology to identify patients.

A

PATIENT IDENTIFICATION EQUIPMENT

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21
Q

Most common way of identifying patient here in the Philippines is through ___

A

asking verbally

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22
Q

lthough they are optional and tend to be expensive, there are portable devices on the market that use ______ to make it easier to locate veins that are difficult to see or feel.

A

transillumination; vein locating devices

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23
Q

adevicethatisappliedortied around a patient’s arm prior to venipuncture to compress the veins and restrict blood flow.

A

TOURNIQUET

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24
Q

what does torniquet does to the veins

A

Restriction of venous flow distends or inflates the veins,

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25
Longer application of tourniquet can cause
hemolysis
26
Aneedle'sdiameterandgaugehavean inverse (opposite) relationship; that is,
the higher the gauge number, the smaller the diameter of the needle.
27
attached to collection bag; Collection of donor units, autologous blood donation, and therapeutic phlebotom
gauge 15-17
28
Sometimes used when large-volume tubes are collected, or large-volume syringes are used on patients with normal-size veins
gauge 20
29
Considered the standard venipuncture needle or routine venipuncture on patients with normal veins or for syringe blood culture collection Color Green
gauge 21 mutisample needle gauge 21 hypodermic needle
30
Used on older children and adult patients with small veins or for syringe draws on difficult veins Color Black
Gauge 22 multisample needle Gauge 22 hypodermic needle
31
Used on the veins of infants and children and on difficult or hand veins of adults Color Blue
Gauge 23 blood collection set
32
Used on the veins of infants and children and on difficult hand veins of adults
Gauge 25 blood collection set
33
It is a closed system of blood collection
evacuated tube system
34
Three basic components of ETS:
a special blood-drawing needle, a tube holder, and evacuated tubes.
35
ETSneedlesare called ___ because they allow multiple tubes of blood to be collected during a single venipuncture.
multisample needles
36
aclear,plastic,disposable cylinder with a small threaded opening at one end (often also called a hub) where the needle is screwed into it and a large opening at the other end where the collection tube is placed.
tube holder
37
Used with both the ETS and the syringe method of obtaining blood specimens.
evacuated tubes
38
Tube selection is based on
age of the patient amount of blood to be drawn blood needed for the test condition of the patient's vein
39
Manufacturersguaranteereliabilityofadditives and tube vacuum until an expiration date is printed on the label provided the tubes are handled properly and stored between ____
4° and 25°C.; expiration dates
40
Usedforpatientswithsmallordifficultveins. Must be easier to search for the vein.
SYRINGE SYSTEM
41
SYRINGE SYSTEM consistsofasterilesyringeneedle called a ____ and a sterile plastic syringe with a ____
hypodermic needle; Luer-lock tip
42
ANTICOAGULANTS
EDTA, OXALATE, HEPARIN, CITRATE
43
Substancesthatpreventbloodfromclotting (coagulating; coz we want the whole blood) by either of two methods:
ANTICOAGULANT
44
2 METHODS OF ANTICOAGULANT
a. by binding (chelating), or precipitating calcium so it is unavailable to the coagulation process b. by inhibiting the formation of thrombin needed to convert fibrinogen to fibrin in the coagulation process.
45
Don’t forget to invert the tube immediately after filling it up with a sample. Do not shake because it will be ___
hemolyzed
46
Most common. Used for hematology test, blood count, and blood smear
EDTA
47
ENUMERATE INFO FOR EDTA
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) ● Most common. Used for hematology test, blood count, and blood smear ● Remove calcium from the blood by binding it to form an insoluble salt. ● This makes calcium ions unavailable for the coagulation process so the blood in the tube is prevented from clotting.
48
The most common citrateis
SODIUM CITRATE
49
CITRATES is used for
oagulationtests:ProthrombinTime (PT), Partial Thromboplastin Time (PTT)
50
Preventsclottingbyinhibitingthrombin(an enzyme needed to convert fibrinogen into the fibrin necessary for clot formation) and factor X.
Heparin
51
Heparinizedspecimensmustbemixed immediately upon collection to prevent _____
prevent clot formation and fibrin generation.
52
remove calcium and prevent clotting by binding and precipitating calcium in the form of an insoluble salt.
oxalate
53
the most widely used oxalate.
potassium oxalate
54
It is commonly added to tubes containing glucose preservatives to provide plasma for glucose testing. (Color Gray)
oxalates
55
SPECIAL USE ANTICOAGULANTS
acid citrate dextrose citrate phosphate dextrose sodium polyanethol sulfonate
56
for immunohematology tests such as DNA testing and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) phenotyping
ACID CITRATE DEXTROSE (ACD)
57
used in collecting units of blood for transfusion/blood donation
CITRATE PHOSPHATE DEXTROSE (CPD)
58
used for blood culture collection because in addition to being an anticoagulant, it reduces the action of a protein called complement that destroys bacteria
SODIUM POLYANETHOL SULFONATE (SPS)
59
A substance that prevents glycolysis, the breakdown or metabolism of glucose (blood sugar) by blood cells.
antiglycolytic agent
60
The most common antiglycolytic agent is
sodium fluoride
61
Sodium fluoride is commonly used in combination with the anticoagulant ____
potassium oxalate or EDTA to provide a plasma specimen
62
A substance that enhances/speeds up coagulation in tubes used to collect serum specimens.
CLOT ACTIVATORS
63
are the clot activators in serum-separator tubes (SSTs) and plastic red-top tubes.
Silica
64
normally clots within five minutes.
Rapid Serum TubeTM (RST)
65
We need to wait for a sample to clot before we centrifuge it to collect the serum or otherwise the specimen will be ____
hemolyzed.
66
why do we need order of draw?
To prevent contamination of blood specimens by carryover of additives that can interfere with some tests
67
order of draw
yellow(sodium polyanethol sulfonate) light blue (citrate) Red (no additive0 Yellow (serum separator tube/ acid citrate dextrose) Min green (Plasma- sperator tube, plasma chem test) Green (heparin, plasma chem test) Lavender (EDTA, hema tests) Gray (oxalate, glucose testing blood alcohol levels)
68
Antiglycolytic agent serum vs plasma
If serum, sodium fluoride alone, if plasma sodium fluroride with EDTA or potassium oxalate
69
who requires gloves in the practice of phelbotomy
CDC-HICPAC-OSHA
70
Dapat sa hallway lng ang phlebotomy carts
yes kc para di macontaminate
71
examples of gloves
nitrile , non sterile, neoprene LATEX IS NOT RECOMMENDED BECAUSE OF ALLERGIES
72
MOST RECOMMENEDED GLOVES
nitrile-- dapat hindi sobrang kapal ng gloves kc dimo mararamdaman ung vein, di rin pede sobrang nipis kc walang protection
73
used by individuals who have allergies sa gloves/ contact dermatitis
glove liners
74
antiseptic came from the greek word
anti meaning against septikos meaning putrefactive or infection/ bacteria/ to cause decay
75
commonly used antispetic
povidone- iodine swabs or sponge pads
76
HOW TO USE HAND SANITIZERS
alcohol based hand sanitizers is for replacement of routine handwashing if di available handwashing tas need n tlga, detergent containing wipes then followed by alchol based cleansers
77
Gauze pads or cotton balls?
Use of cotton balls is not recommended kc it might stick sa site, dapat gauze pad
78
once sharp containers is full where do you dispose it?
biohazardous waste
79
Venipuncture equipments
Needles, Vein locating devices, torniquet
80
the end that attaches to the blood collection; intenral space of the needle
hub; lumen

PMLS 2 (6 decks)

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