Blood Collection Flashcards
Order of Draw
Yellow
Light Blue
Red (glass) (plastic)
Red w/ gray rubber/Gold/Tiger
Green (light green)
Lavender
Gray
White
Black
used to prevent sepsis, harmful bacteria that enter human body with skin
Antiseptics
used in killing microorganism in surfaces and instruments
Disinfectants
skin puncture; use in pediatrics
Capillary puncture
Collection site of Capillary
Fingers of Adult: Middle, Ring (near spiral)
Children over 2, Infants: Heels (lateral)
most common way to collect blood specimens
Venipuncture
Sodium Hypochlorite dilution
1:100/1:10 for spills to clean-up
10-20 mins contact time
Tourniquet Application
3-4 inches; 1 minute
Lancet size
Preferred: 1.75 mm
Infants, Child: <2.0mm
Adults: 2-3mm
alternative method when drawing blood from patients with difficult veins
Syringe System
most commonly used volume of syringe
2ml, 5ml, 10ml
Appropriate venipuncture gauge and length
21-23 gauge, 1 to 1 2/3 in syringe needles
autologous blood donation needle
transfer needle than blood collection
standard venipuncture needle
Used in infants
15-17
18
21
23 (butterfly)
most efficient system for collecting blood system
Evacuated Tube System
known as barrel/adapter; holds both needle and tube for blood collection; needles designed to be screwed into tube adapter
Evacuated Tube Holder
used common in infants, children’s, geriatric patients; luer attachment; easy manipulation of shallow angle
butterfly (23 gauge)
high risk of hemolysis
butterfly
Sodium citrate ratio
9:1 (blood too liquid)
blood thinners; prevent blood from clotting;
*EDTA, Citrates, Heparin, Oxalates
Anticoagulants
acid citrate dextrose, citrate phosphate dextrose, sodium polyanethol
Special use anticoagulants
substances prevent breakdown of glucose - glycolysis
*sodium fluoride
Antiglycolytic flouride
enhances coagulation in serum separation
*thrombin, silica, celite
Clot activators
inhibits cells from metabolizing; form physical barrier
Thixotropic Gel Separators
free of trace elements
*royal blue
Trace element-free tubes
substance placed within tube and used in ETS to prevent clotting
Additive
Color Coded Caps Sections
Yellow - Bacterial Culture
Light Blue - Coagulation
Red - Chemistry
Green - Chemistry
Lavender - Hematology
Gray - Chemistry
White - Molecular
Black - Hematology
Additive of Order of Draw
Yellow - Coagulant, Separation Gel
Light Blue - Sodium Citrate 1:9
Red - no additive
Orange - coagulant
Green - Sodium, Lithium Heparin
Lavender - EDTA coagulant
Gray - Sodium fluoride
Black - Sodium Citrate 1:4
