Blood cell formation

Question 1

What cells are found in bone marrow stroma?

Answer 1

Macrophages, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, fat cells, reticulum cells.

Growth factors and adhesion molecules are important.

Question 2

What hereditary conditions can impair bone marrow function?

Answer 2

Thalassaemia
Sickle cell anaemia
Fanconi anaemia

Question 3

What acquired conditions can impair bone marrow function?

Answer 3

Aplastic anaemia
Leukaemia
Myelodysplastic/proliferative disorders 
Drugs and toxins 
Chemo

Question 4

What is leukaemogenesis?

Answer 4

Dysregulation in cell growth/differentiation (mutation) of a haemopoietic stem cell or an early myeloid/lymphoid cell.

Leukaemic clone proliferates at an early stage, with no more differentiation.

Question 5

What are autologous STC used for?

Answer 5

used in solid tumours

e.g. relapsed Hodgkins, non-Hodgkins, and myeloma

Question 6

How are autologous stem cells collected for STC?

Answer 6

Patient has peripheral HSCs mobilised by giving growth factor (G-CSF) to make stem cells leave bone marrow, and blood is then spun by apheresis to collect stem cells.

Question 7

What is mozobil?

Answer 7

Drug which is used to collect stem cells that have failed to mobilise by stopping them from sticking together.

Question 8

What are the main indications for allogenic STC?

Answer 8

Acute and chronic leukaemias, relapsed lymphoma, aplastic anaemia

Question 9

How are HSCs collected for allogenic STC?

Answer 9

Mobilised in peripheral blood, use bone marrow, or umbilical cord bloood