Blood And Organs

Question 1

what are the four main components of blood

Answer 1

plasma
platelets
red blood cells
white blood cells

Question 2

which part of blood is plasms

Answer 2

the liquid bit of blood (pale yellow liquid which carry’s just about everything)

Question 3

what helps blood clot

Answer 3

platelets (climb together to plug damaged area )

Question 4

what is the role of red blood cells

Answer 4

to transport oxygen round the body

Question 5

what do red blood cells contain

Answer 5

Haemoglobin (gives blood it’s colour)

Iron

Question 6

what do red blood cells not have

Answer 6

a nucleus

Question 7

what are white blood cells for

Answer 7

immunity

Question 8

what do phagocytes do

Answer 8

ingest pathogens

Question 9

what do lymphocytes do

Answer 9

produce antibodies

Question 10

how does a phagocytes destroy something foriegn

Answer 10

engulf it and digest it

Question 11

how do vaccinations work

Answer 11

dead or inactive pathogens injected
trigger immune system response
lymphocytes produce antibody’s to attack them
some lymphocytes will remain as memory cells

Question 12

arteries

Answer 12

carry blood away from the heart
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Question 13

capillaries

Answer 13

These are involved in the exchange of materials at the tissue

Question 14

Veins

Answer 14

These carry blood to the heart

Question 15

how do arteries carry blood

Answer 15

under pressure

Question 16

list some characteristics of arteries

Answer 16

walls strong and elastic due to blood under high pressue
tube called lumen
largest artery is the aorta

Question 17

how thick are the walls in capillaries

Answer 17

1 cell

Question 18

characteristics of capillaries

Answer 18

arteries branch into capillaries
capillaries spilt in to branches
carry blood really close to every cells to allow exchange of substances
walls are permeable to allow substances to dffuse
supply food and oxygen and take away waste like co2

Question 19

characteristics of veins

Answer 19

capillaries eventually join up to form veins
low pressure in veins so walls don’t need to be as thick
have a bigger lumen then arteries to allow blood to flow
largest vein in the body is the vena cava

Question 20

learn diagram on page 38

Answer 20

learn diagram on page 38

Question 21

what does the right atrium receive

Answer 21

deoxygenated blood (through the vena cava)

Question 22

where does the right ventricle pump deoxygenated blood to

Answer 22

lungs

Question 23

where does oxygenated blood go to

Answer 23

left atrium

Question 24

what colour is deoxygenated blood in a diagram

Answer 24

blue

Question 25

what is the function of the valves in the heart

Answer 25

to stop blood from flowing backwards

Question 26

what happens to your heart rate when you exercise and why

Answer 26

increases as muscles need more energy to respire so need more oxygen

Question 27

what happens when an organism is threatened

Answer 27

glans release adrenaline

causes muscles to contract and relases more often

Question 28

learn diagram on page 39

Answer 28

diagram page 39

Question 29

what does pulmonary mean

Answer 29

to do with the lungs

Question 30

what does hepatic mean

Answer 30

to do with the liver

Question 31

what does renal mean

Answer 31

to do with the kidneys

Question 32

what are the kidneys

Answer 32

excretion organs

Question 33

where is urea produce

Answer 33

in the liver from excess amino acids

Question 34

what are the 3 main functions of the kidney

Answer 34

1) removal of urea from the blood
2) adjustment of salt levels in the blood
3) adjustment of water content of the blood

Question 35

what does the nephron do

Answer 35

it is the filtration unit in the kidney

1. ultrafiltration
2. reabsorption
3. release of waste

Question 36

learn diagram of nephron

Answer 36

page 40

Question 37

what else does the kidney do

Answer 37

control water content

Question 38

what are the 3 main ways of water loss

Answer 38

sweating, breathing and weeing

Question 39

how does the kindey control water levels

Answer 39

weeing

Question 40

what is the function of adh

Answer 40

to control water content see diagram page 41