Blood and lymph Flashcards
What is hematopoiesis?
The production of blood in cellular components.
What is blood?
A mixture of clear liquid, plasma and cellular elements.
Name 3 functions of blood and examples?
- Transportation: gas, nutrients, wastes and hormones.
- Protection: immune and clotting
- Regulation: PH, temperature and water balance.
Blood contains plasma, red and white blood cells and platelets. What percentage of each does it contain?
- Plasma = 55%
- White blood cells and platelets = 4%
- Red blood cells = 41%
What does plasma contain?
Water, ions, proteins, nutrients, wastes and gases.
Name the function of red blood cells/ erythrocytes.
Makes up 99% of total number of blood cells and delivers oxygen to lungs and tissues in the body.
Name the functions of white blood cells / lymphocytes.
B lymphocytes make antibodies and T lymphocytes help kill tumour cells and controls immune responses.
Name the functions of monocytes.
Plays a role in both inflammatory and anti inflammatory processes during immune responses
Describe the function of Eosinophils.
To destroy parasites too large to phagocytose.
Describe the function of basophils.
To defend the body from allergens, pathogens and parasites. (If it binds to its antigens, it can trigger vasodilation and allergic rhinitis)
Describe the function of neutrophils.
One of the first cells to respond to viruses and bacteria by phagocyte and releasing enzymes to kill them.
Describe the function of platelets.
To stop bleeding and promote wound healing through the process of blood clotting.
What is lymph?
Lymph is known as lymphatic fluid and is a collection of extra fluid draining from cells and tissues.
- Lymph also transports lymphocytes.
What is homeostasis?
Refers to any process that living things use to maintain a balanced state for survival.
