Blood and Immune Lecture 19 Flashcards
What do lymphatic capillaries do
drain tissue into bloodstream just above heart
What components is the lymphatic system made up of
system of tubes, lymph nodes, spleen, lymph (containing B and T lymphocytes, macrophages and immunoglobulins)
How many litres of lymph circulate the body each day
3L
What % of the body are lymphocytes
2%
Where are B and T lymphocytes transported to?
Lymph nodes (some T cells go to spleen)
Lymphatic tissue
specialised form of reticular connective tissue
There are no pumps so how does lymph move through the lymphatic system
relies on muscle activity
Functions of the lymphatic system
1) Drains excess interstitial fluid from tissues spaces and returns it to the blood
2) Transport dietary lipids and lipid soluble vitamins absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract
3) Carries out immune responses directed against particular microbes and abnormal cells
What does tissue injury trigger
localised swelling then dilation which increases permeability of capillary walls
What happens after the dilation
Chemical signals (mediators of infection) are released, mast cells, neutrophils, macrophages and lymphocytes into the area of injury and phagocytosis occurs
The macrophages and B Cells carrying the bacterial proteins on the outer surface are known as…
Antigen Presenting Cells
The APC binds to a specific T helper cell in the _____ which stimulates _______
lymph node; Clonal expansion
What is the final product of the clonal expansion of B Cells
Large number of antibodies
What triggers the differentiation and division of B Cells
T Cells
How long after the initial infection is the response said to be much more amplified and effective
7-14 Days
