Blood And Hematopoiesis Flashcards

1
Q

Plasma

A
  • with anticoagulants

- liquid portion consisting of water and a variety of proteins and organic compounds

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2
Q

Serum

A
  • liquid portion remaining after blood has been allowed to clot
  • without anti-coagulants
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3
Q

Erythrocytes

A
  • most numerous cell type (120 day lifespan)
  • Biconcave disc
  • no nuclei or organelles
  • filled with hemoglobin
  • flexible membrane cytoskeleton permits movement through small capillaries
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4
Q

RBC membrane proteins

A
  • peripheral proteins form a network for structure and support to the membrane
  • integration proteins anchor the network to the membrane
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5
Q

Leukocytes (granular)

A
  • neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils
  • PMNs
  • myeloid lineage
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6
Q

Leukocytes (agranular)

A
  • no granules
  • round nuclei
  • myeloid lineage (monocytes that differentiate into macrophages in connective tissue)
  • Lymphoid lineage
    ( T and B type lymphocytes), B turns to plasma cells
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7
Q

Neutrophils

A
  • Primary - lysosomes containing elastase and myeloperoxidase
  • Secondary - variety of digestive enzymes
  • Nucleus- segmented into 3-5 lobes
  • LS is a few hours to a few days
  • phagocytic
  • pale stain
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8
Q

Eosinophils

A
  • primary- similar to neutrophils
  • secondary- variety of digestive enzymes
  • bilobed nucleus
  • LS is a few hours to few days
  • mediate allergic reactions and protect against parasitic infections
  • pink stain
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9
Q

Basophils

A
  • few primary granules
  • secondary - histamine, heparin
  • nucleus is bilobed
  • mediates allergic reaction
  • dark blue stain
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10
Q

Lymphocytes

A
  • agranular
  • small round cells with thin rim of pale cytoplasm
  • T and B are indistinguishable by LM
  • T and B have cell surface proteins that are specific for their functions in the immune system
  • T cells - cell mediated immunity
  • B cells - humoral immunity, turn to plasma cells
  • LS a few days to few years
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11
Q

Monocytes

A
  • agranular
  • kidney shaped or oval nucleus
  • precursor of macrophages and osteoclasts
  • phagocytic
  • antigen presentation
  • bone remodeling
  • LS is a few hours in circulation and differentiate in CT or bone
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12
Q

Platelets

A
  • cytoplasmic fragments of megakaryocytes

- blood clotting

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13
Q

Parenchyma

A
  • developing blood cells in cords or islands and sinusoidal capillaries that are entry site for blood cells into circulation
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14
Q

Red bone marrow

A
  • site of hematopoiesis
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15
Q

Yellow bone marrow

A
  • hematopoietic marrow replaced by fat
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16
Q

Stroma

A
  • reticular CT supporting the blood cells