Blood and Circulation MOCKS

Question 1

Composition of the blood

Answer 1

• red blood cells
• white bloods cells
• platelets
• plasma

Question 2

Role of plasma

Answer 2

Transports CO2, digested food, urea, hormones and heat energy

Question 3

Adaptations of red blood cells

Answer 3

TRANSPORTS OXYGEN

• biconcave (increased surface area to aid gas exchange)
• no nucleus (more space for oxygen)
• contains haemoglobin (oxygen binds to this)

Question 4

How to immune system responds to disease

Answer 4

PHAGOCYTE
- enclose and ingests pathogens
LYMPHOCYTES
- release antibodies which stick to antigens

Question 5

What do platelets do

Answer 5

Blood clotting

• to prevent blood loss
• prevent entry of pathogens (microorganisms)

Question 6

Vaccinations

Answer 6

• contain weakened harmless ​pathogens​ than the body detects and responds to in the usual way
• the body produces memory cells to the pathogens in the vaccination
• If the body is now infected with the ‘real’ pathogen, antibodies can quickly be produced so that the disease can be destroyed rapidly before causing any harmful symptoms.

Question 7

Structure of the heart

Answer 7

• the right hand side pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs
• the left hand side pumps oxygenated blood around the body
• each side of the heart consists of an atrium and a ventricle which are two connected chambers

Question 8

Coronary heart disease

Answer 8

The coronary arteries supply blood to the heart muscle. These may become blocked by a build-up of fatty plaques containing cholesterol, resulting in coronary heart disease.

If a coronary artery is blocked, the blood supply to part of the heart muscle is cut off. That part of the heart cannot continue to contract, causing a heart attack

Possible causes

• poor diet
• stress and smoking

Question 9

What are arteries

Answer 9

• move blood away from the heart at high pressures
• the thick wall enable the artery to hold the blood
• thick, muscular, elastic

Question 10

What are capillaries

Answer 10

• take nutrients and oxygen to cells and take waste products away
• one cell thick
• effective and quick diffusion of the substances

Question 11

What do veins do

Answer 11

• transport blood around the body and back to the heart at low pressures
• thin
• only needs to transport blood at low pressures