Blood 3 Flashcards
What do neutrophils secrete to destroy certain bacteria?
Lysozymes
What role do neutrophils play in infections?
They are critical in the early stages of inflammation and infection.
What is a hallmark of acute inflammation?
The presence of neutrophils.
What percentage of white blood cells (WBCs) do eosinophils constitute?
1–4%.
What is one of the primary functions of eosinophils?
Parasitic defense by attaching to and releasing substances to kill large parasites.
How do eosinophils modulate inflammation?
By increasing in number during allergic reactions and producing enzymes that destroy inflammatory chemicals like histamine.
What role do eosinophils play in allergies?
They are involved in allergic reactions and asthma, contributing to airway inflammation.
What percentage of white blood cells do basophils constitute?
0.5–1%.
What is one of the main functions of basophils?
Increase in number during allergic and inflammatory reactions.
What substances do basophils secrete?
Histamine and heparin.
How do basophils contribute to inflammation?
By secreting histamine, which increases inflammation.
What percentage of white blood cells do lymphocytes make up?
20–40%.
What is the role of B cells in the immune response?
Produce antibodies that target specific antigens.
What do T cells do?
Attack and destroy infected or cancerous cells.
What is the function of NK cells?
Destroy infected or cancerous cells without prior sensitization.
Why are lymphocytes crucial for the body?
They are key to the adaptive immune system and maintain immune memory.
What is amoeboid movement in WBCs?
WBCs move by extending pseudopodia, allowing them to navigate through tissues and reach infection sites.
What is diapedesis in the context of WBCs?
The process by which WBCs exit the bloodstream and enter tissues by squeezing through gaps in endothelial cells.
What is chemotaxis?
The attraction of WBCs to specific chemicals released by pathogens or damaged tissues, guiding them to infection sites.
What is pus composed of?
Dead WBCs, bacteria, cellular debris, and fluid.
How is pus formed?
Pus forms at infection sites where WBCs have fought pathogens and subsequently died.
What are platelets also known as?
Thrombocytes.
What is the primary role of platelets?
To play a role in clotting.
What is the normal range of platelets in the blood?
A b o u t 1 5 0 , 0 0 0 - 4 0 0 , 0 0 0 p e r m i c r o l i t e r ( ¼ L ).
