BLOOD 2 Flashcards
What is the function of oxygen in the blood?
Important in many cellular functions.
Example sentence: Oxygen is necessary for the production of energy in cells.
How does carbon dioxide function in the blood?
Involved in the regulation of blood pH.
Example sentence: Carbon dioxide helps maintain the acid-base balance in the blood.
What is the known function of nitrogen in the blood?
No known function.
What role do enzymes play in the blood?
Catalyze chemical reactions.
What is the function of hormones in the blood?
Regulate metabolism, growth, and development.
What role do vitamins play in the blood?
Cofactors for enzymatic reactions.
What are some waste products carried by the blood?
Urea, uric acid, creatine, creatinine, bilirubin, ammonia.
What is the origin of most waste products in the blood?
Breakdown products of protein metabolism.
Where are waste products carried by the blood to?
To organs of excretion.
What is hematopoiesis?
The production of all cellular components of blood and blood plasma.
What do Myeloid Stem Cells produce?
Proerythroblasts, Myeloblasts, Monoblasts, and Megakaryoblasts.
What do Proerythroblasts develop into?
Red blood cells.
What types of cells do Myeloblasts produce?
Basophils, eosinophils, and neutrophils.
What do Monoblasts produce?
Monocytes.
What do Megakaryoblasts produce?
Platelets.
What do Lymphoid Stem Cells give rise to?
Lymphocytes.
What is the primary function of red blood cells?
To carry oxygen using the protein hemoglobin.
What is the normal range of red blood cells per microliter of blood?
About 4.8 - 5.4 million / μL.
What does hematocrit measure?
The total volume of blood occupied by red blood cells.
What is the normal hematocrit percentage?
42-45%.
What is the shape of red blood cells?
Biconcave.
Do adult red blood cells have a nucleus?
No, they are anucleate.
How long do red blood cells typically live?
About 120 days.
What is erythropoiesis?
The production of red blood cells.
