BLOOD

Question 1

a transport system that transports nutrients, waste, and hormones

Answer 1

Blood

Question 2

Erythrocytes sink to the bottom, 45% of blood, a percentage known as the

Answer 2

Hematocrit

Question 3

Buffy coat is thick, whitish layer between the erythrocytes and plasma

Answer 3

White blood cells and platelets

Question 4

rises to the top (55% of the blood)

Answer 4

Plasma

Question 5

Color of oxygen-rich blood

Answer 5

Scarlet red

Question 6

Color of oxygen-poor blood

Answer 6

Dull red or purple

Question 7

The metallic and salty taste of blood is because of the presence of

Answer 7

Electrolytes

Question 8

True or false. blood pH is slightly basic

Answer 8

False. Blood is slightly alkaline, between 7.35 and 7.45

Question 9

How many liters of blood are found in a healthy adult?

Answer 9

5-6 liters

Question 10

Blood makes up how much percent of body weight?

Answer 10

8%

Question 11

The extracellular matrix of the blood; 90% water; Straw-colored fluid

Answer 11

Blood plasma

Question 12

an important blood buffer and contributes to osmotic pressure

Answer 12

Albumin

Question 13

clotting proteins; help to stem blood loss when a blood vessel is injured

Answer 13

Fibrinogen

Question 14

help protect the body from pathogens

Answer 14

Globulin

Question 15

3 formed elements from the blood

Answer 15

Erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes

Question 16

Main function is to carry oxygen that contains few organelles and lack mitochondria to make room for hemoglobin

Answer 16

Erythrocytes

Question 17

True or false. Erythrocytes are shaped like biconcave discs

Answer 17

True

Question 18

Normal count of RBCs

Answer 18

5 million per cubic mm

Question 19

An erythrocyte can have ___ million hemoglobin molecule

Answer 19

250

Question 20

is a decrease in the oxygen-carrying ability of the blood due to lower-than-normal number of RBCs and abnormal or deficient hemoglobin content in the RBCs

Answer 20

Anemia

Question 21

results from abnormally shaped hemoglobin caused by the change of hemoglobin sequence of amino acids

Answer 21

Sickle cell anemia

Question 22

is a disorder resulting from excessive or abnormal increase of RBCs

Answer 22

Polycythemia

Question 23

Bone marrow cancer

Answer 23

Polycythemia Vera

Question 24

Crucial in body’s defense against disease. Complete cells, with nucleus and organelles

Answer 24

Leukocytes

Question 25

Leukocytes are able to move into and out of blood vessels through the process of

Answer 25

Diapedesis

Question 26

Leukocytes' response to chemical release by damaged tissues

Answer 26

Positive chemotaxis

Question 27

Normal count of WBCs

Answer 27

4,800 to 10,800 per cubic mm

Question 28

Leukocytes move by

Answer 28

Amoeboid motion

Question 29

Granules in their cytoplasm can be stained that possess lobed nuclei. Includes neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils

Answer 29

Granulocytes

Question 30

Most numerous WBC, function as phagocytes at active sites of infection, and is stained pink

Answer 30

Neutrophils

Question 31

Normal count of neutrophils

Answer 31

3,000 to 7,000 per cubic mm

Question 32

Brick-red cytoplasmic granules that contains antihistamine to kill parasitic worms and play a role in allergy attacks

Answer 32

Eosinophils

Question 33

Normal count of eosinophils

Answer 33

100-400 per cubic mm

Question 34

Large histamine-containing granules that stain dark blue. Contains heparin (anticoagulant) - prevents the clotting mechanism from occurring

Answer 34

Basophils

Question 35

Normal count of basophils

Answer 35

20-50 per cubic mm

Question 36

Lack visible cytoplasmic granules with nuclei that are spherical, oval or kidney-shaped. Include lymphocytes and monocytes

Answer 36

Agranulocytes

Question 37

has large dark purple nucleus and are slightly larger than RBCs. they reside in lymphatic tissues and play a role in immune response

Answer 37

Lymphocytes

Question 38

Normal count of lymphocytes

Answer 38

1,500-3,000 per cubic mm

Question 39

Largest of the white blood cells with a distinctive U or kidney shaped nucleus. They function as macrophages when they migrate into tissues, important in fighting chronic infection.

Answer 39

Monocytes

Question 40

Normal count of monocytes

Answer 40

100-700 per cubic mm

Question 41

Condition where WBC count above 11,000 cells per cubic mm of blood. Generally indicates an infection

Answer 41

Leukocytosis

Question 42

Abnormally low WBC count. Commonly caused by certain drugs, such as corticosteroids ands anticancer agents

Answer 42

Leukopenia

Question 43

Bone marrow becomes cancerous and numerous immature WBC are produced

Answer 43

Leukemia

Question 44

Aka platelets, they are fragments of megakaryocytes (multinucleate cells) that are needed for the clotting process

Answer 44

Thrombocytes

Question 45

Normal count of platelets

Answer 45

300,000 per cubic mm

Question 46

Process of blood cell formation that occurs in red bone marrow

Answer 46

Hematopoiesis

Question 47

Tissue in the bone marrow where blood cells are formed

Answer 47

Myeloid tissue

Question 48

All blood cells are derived from a common stem cell called the

Answer 48

Hemocytoblast

Question 49

produces lymphocytes

Answer 49

Lymphoid stem cells

Question 50

produces all other formed elements other than lymphocytes

Answer 50

Myeloid stem cells

Question 51

RBCs wear out after how many days?

Answer 51

100- 200 days

Question 52

Worn out RBCs are eliminated by

Answer 52

Phagocytes

Question 53

stimulates red bone marrow

Answer 53

Erythropoietin

Question 54

Process of stopping the bleeding that results from a break in a blood vessel

Answer 54

Hemostasis

Question 55

True or false. Blood usually clots within 8-10 minutes

Answer 55

False. Blood usually clots within 3-6 minutes

Question 56

the enzyme that catalyzes joining of fibrinogen molecules in plasma to fibrin

Answer 56

Thrombin

Question 57

forms a mesh that traps red blood cells and platelets, forming the clot

Answer 57

Fibrin

Question 58

A clot in an unbroken blood vessel. Can be deadly in areas such as the lungs

Answer 58

Thrombus

Question 59

A thrombus that breaks away and floats freely in the bloodstream that can later clog vessels in critical areas such as the brain

Answer 59

Embolus

Question 60

Insufficient number of circulating platelets. Arises from any condition that suppresses the bone marrow

Answer 60

Thrombocytopenia

Question 61

Hereditary bleeding disorder where normal clotting factors are missing. Minor tissue damage can cause life-threatening prolonged bleeding

Answer 61

Hemophilia