Block II high yield stuff immune system

Question 1

To what would you be susceptible if you had a mutated TLR5?

Answer 1

pneumonia, esp. legionella

Question 2

To what would you be susceptible if you had a mutated TLR4

Answer 2

gram negative bacteria

Question 3

To what would you be susceptible if you had a mutated TLR2

Answer 3

lepramatous leprosy

Question 4

To what would you be susceptible if you had a mutated 3

Answer 4

herpes virus encephalitits

Question 5

To what would you be susceptible if you had a mutated MyD88

Answer 5

pyogenic bacterial infections (S. pneumoniae, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa)

Question 6

To what would you be susceptible if you had a mutated IRAK-4?

Answer 6

invasive pnemococcal disease

Question 7

red cell shuttle

Answer 7

1. small ag:ab complexes form
2. activation of complement leads to deposition of many molecs of C3b on the immune complex
3. complement receptor CR1 on RBCs binds to the immune complexes bound to C3b
4. in the spleen and liver, phagocytic cells remove the immune complexes fro the RBC surface

Question 8

What is the classical thing tested for in SLE?

Answer 8

serum detection of anti-dsDNA antibodies

Question 9

What are the four suffixes for antibody therapies, and what do they mean?

Answer 9

• omab = fully mouse
• ximab = chimeric
• zumab = humanized
• umab = fully human

Question 10

What are three important functions of the Fc portion of an antibody?

Answer 10

1. antibody dependent cellular toxicity through binding of the Fc region with Fc receptors on leukocytes.
2. complement dependent cytotoxicity through binding and activation of complement protiens
3. serum half-life of the antibody

Question 11

What is rituximab?

Answer 11

chimeric monoclonal antibody designed to targe ththe human CD20 antigen on the surface of B cells for the treatment of non-hodgekins lymphoma. does not affect B cell progenitors or plasma cells.

Question 12

What is trastuzumab?

Answer 12

humanized monoclonal antibody that targets the HER2/NEU cell surface receptor overexpressed in some breast cancers.
Cardiotoxicity is a known potential side effect.

Question 13

What is natalizumab?

Answer 13

humanized monoclonal antibody that binds VLA-4. this prevents effector lymphocytes from migrating into the brain bapenchyma and may protect oligodendrocytes from autoimmune destruction in MS. may increase risk of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy

Question 14

C3a fuctions

Answer 14

increase vascular permability
induce adhesion molecules for leukocytes
degranulate mast cells

Question 15

C3b functions

Answer 15

promote phagocytosis of particles to which C5a is bound, engage CR1 recpetors

Question 16

C5a

Answer 16

increase vascular permability
induce adhesion molecules for leukocytes
degranulate mast cells
attract PMNs andmonocytes and activate them
increase expression of complement recepotrs and Fc receptors on leukocytes

Question 17

What distinguishes free Abs from those bound to antigen in the classical complement pathway?

Answer 17

C1q

Question 18

For what kind of pathogen is the C5b-9 complex especially important?

Answer 18

gram neg bacteria., esp. neisseria. deficiencies lead to increased susceptibility to life-threatening N. meningitis and gonococcal infections