Block E

Question 1

Describe the use of drugs giving examples which inhibit enzymes and transporters. (4 marks)

Answer 1

-statins inhibit the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase. this enzyme facilitates cholesterol synthesis. statins reduce total cholesterol levels, especially LDL levels
-Prozac blocks the 5HT reuptake transport protein. this protein intakes serotonin. blocking it means more serotonin attaches to the post synaptic neurone

Question 2

Outline the transmitters and receptors which make up the autonomic nervous system. (3 marks)

Answer 2

the ANS has 2 types, cholinergic and adrenergic. acetylcholine activates the cholinergic receptors while noradrenaline activates the adrenergic receptors. the 2 most common neurotransmitters are acetylcholine and noradrenaline.

Question 3

Outline the coupling of alpha adrenoceptors and beta adrenoceptors to different signalling systems. (2 marks)

Answer 3

-alpha adrenoceptors mediate smooth muscle contraction and vasoconstriction
-beta adrenoceptors mediate smooth muscle relaxation, vasodilation and bronchodilation

Question 4

Outline the types of drugs which might be used to lower blood pressure. (2 marks)

Answer 4

-diuretics are very effective, these increase the amount of water your excreting which decreases your water content
-less water in your blood decreases its volume so there’s less tension and damage to your blood vessels