Block 5/C Flashcards
How long is IPv6/IPng?
16 Octets long.
What was designed as the successor to IPv4?
IPng/IPv6
IPv6/IPng is ( Blank ) times as large as IPv4
4 times as large as IPv4 addresses
IPv6/IPng can support up to ( Blank ) addresses
3.4 x 10^38 addresses
Counting in hex goes from…
0 to F before adding a column
Which characters are used to represent values 10-15?
A - F
Base 16 notational system for representing real numbers is also known as
Hexadecimal
What is the hexadecimal value of 2013?
0010 0000 0001 0011
Hexadecimal uses a 4 bits placement called a…..?
Nibble - which equates to the first 4 places in a binary system
Where is the least significant bit (LSB) located?
On the right
What is each part of the IPv6 address separated by?
: (colons)
What are the parts of the IPv6?
8 parts with 4 digits in each part which are separated by colons ( “:” )
How many bits are included with a IPv6?
16 bits x 8 parts = 128 bits
What are the 1st 64 bits of the IPv6 called?
Network Prefix
What are the second 64 bits of the IPv6 called?
Interface Id.
Also known as the Token
How can a long substring of all zeros be abbreviated?
” :: “
Be careful not to end up with more than one “::” or the address will be invalid
Up to 3 leading “0”’s per Hex Quad can be omitted when…
Abbreviating
What is a communication between a single host and a single receiver.
Unicast
A packet that was sent to a unicast address is delivered where…?
To the interface identified by that address.
What is a communication between a single host and multiple receivers.
Multicast
Since there is no broadcast address in IPv6 ( Blank ) is used with various scopes for the same effect.
Multicasting
Identifier for a set of interfaces
Anycast
typically belonging to different nodes
Address is delivered to only one of the interfaces identified by that address
Anycast
The “nearest” one, according to the routing protocols’ measure of distance
This type of address is used for generic IPv6 communication
Global Unicast Addresses
How are the bits divided within the Global Unicast Addresses?
First 48 bits are used to identify this service provider (ISP)
The next 16 bits are used for the subnet
The last 64 bits are used as the host interface identified
True/False?
A host hasconnectivity beyond the local link unless it locates a default router router and obtain it’s global address unique to the network.
False
A host does NOT have connectivity
Type of address that had a scope that is limited to the link and is automatically configured with the interface ID
Link-Local addresses
Network is prefixed with FE80:: and the 2nd 64 bits is tied to the interface ID (Physical Address)
Link-Local addresses
Used in Stainless Auto configuration and for creating local network without the presence of a router
Link-Local addresses
Type of address that has a scope limited to the site and contain the inside topology of the site with the subnet Id of the site.
Site-Local addresses
Network is prefixed with FEC0::/10 and bits 48 - 64 are set to the subnet Id if the site.
Site-Local addresses
Addresses are routable, but not to the internet.
IPv6 addresses can use private IP addresses, AND can connect to any other address within the organization.
Site-Local addresses
Used as a place holder when no IPv6 address is specified an the host much obtain an address from a router or Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCPv6) server
Unspecified
Identifies itself and is used for testing.
Loopback
True/False
IPv4 and IPv6 are compatible with each other
False
IPv4 and IPv6 are not compatible because the addressing system and datagram format are different
What is an option to make IPv4 and IPv6 compatible?
Use nodes with what is called ‘IPv4 compatible IPv6 address’.
Every current IPv4 address can be transformed to an IPv6 compatible address in this way. However additional hardware devices are required
What is used to represent the addresses of IPv4 nodes as IPv6 addresses?
IPv4 mapped
The first 80 bits are all kept at zeros, next 16 bits are all set to FFF, and the last 32 bits are expressed as IPv4 dotted decimal or IPv6 notation
IPv4 mapped
IPv6 address is enclosed in square brackets and can be cumbersome for most users
URL
What are these features of: New header format Stateful Stateless Neighbor Discovery(ND) Built-in security Better support for quality of service (QoS) Mobile IP Extensibility
IPv6 Features
Achieved by moving both nonessential fields an option fields to extension headers that are placed after the IPv6 header
New Header Format
IP address is one that is automatically configured by router discovery.
Stateless
Idea is for machines to discover information about their nearest router
Neighbor Discovery (ND)
Promotes interoperability between different IPv6 implementations
Built-in Security
Traffic is identified by using a Flow Label field in the header, this allows routers to identify and provide special handling for packets that belong to a flow
Better support for quality of service (QoS)
What a communications protocol designed to allow mobile device users to move from one network to another while maintaining their permanent IP address
Mobile IP
What is a processing location.
Can be a computer or some other device.
Node
Computer that is connected to a TCP/IP network, including the internet
Host
Device that forwards data packets along networks
Router
Communication facility or medium over which nodes can communicate at the link later
Link
Nodes attached to the same link
Neighbors
Nodes attachment to a link
Interface
An IP later identifier for an interface or a set of interfaces
Address
An IP header plus payload
Packet
Protocol stack that contains both IPv4 and IPv6
Dual Stack
Are IPv4 and IPv6 compatible?
No.
