Block 4 - Heart Anatomy Flashcards
Fibrous sac surrounding the heart
Pericardium
Mediastiunum
Venous blood returns to the heart via the ____ & IVC and drains into the right atrium
Superior vena cava
Aorta
posterior to pulmonary trunk
4 pulmonary Veins
After blood enters the ____ ____ it flows into the right ventricle
most medial
Right atrium
Blood leaves the right ventricle and enters the
most anterior
Right ventricle
leaves right ventricle carrying deoxygenated blood
high pressure system
Pulmonary trunk
return oxygenated blood to left atrium
low pressure system
posterior to pulmonary trunk
4 pulmonary veins
Receives oxygenated blood from the
lungs via the pulmonary veins
most posterior
Left atrium
Left ventricle
Blood leaves the heart via ____ to profuse the rest of the body
Aorta
The heart is profused by two main arteries that branch off the aorta
Right Coronary A.
Left Coronary A.
- emerges from the right side of the aorta
- between the right atrium and right ventricle
Anterior aspect of heart
Right coronary A.
- arises from the left side of the aorta, passes posterior to the pulmonary trunk
Left coronary A.
Branch of right coronary artery
Posterior interventricular A.
- Branch of Left coronary A.
- Circumflex artery supplies the left atrium and the left posterior ventricle
Left circumflex branch of left coronary artery
- Branch of Left coronary artery
- “Widowmaker”*
Left anterior interventricular A.
Three main cardiac veins drains into the ______ ______
Posterior aspect of heart
Coronary sinus
The blood from the coronary sinus empties into which chamber of the heart?
Right atrium
The ____ cardiac vein empties blood into the coronary sinus
Middle cardiac V.
____ cardiac vein runs along the side of the right coronary artery and drains into the coronary sinus
Small cardiac V.
Posterior aspect
Right coronary A.
Great cardiac V.
Delivers venous (deoxygenated) blood to coronary sinus
Travels lateral to posterior
Great cardiac V.
Identify what side of the heart is shown
Anterior surface of heart
Identify what side of the heart is shown
Posterior surface of heart
These two vessels empty venous (deoxygenated) blood into the right atrium
- SVC
- IVC
Identify the chamber
Right atrium
first electrical stimulus
Sinoatrial (SA) node
Inferior to the SA node within right atrium
Fossa Ovalis
Inferior to fossa ovalis within right atrium
Opening of coronary sinus
Parallel muscular ridges in the walls of the atria of the heart
Pectinate mm
Muscular ridge that separates smooth from rough portions of
chamber
Crista terminalis
- Largest of the four heart valves
- Blood from right atrium through this valve to right ventricle
Tricuspid valve
Posterior aspect of heart inferior to tricuspid valve
Right ventricle
Trabeculae carneae
Papillary mm
fine strands of connective tissue attaching the papillary muscles to the inferior surface of the rough zone of the leaflets
Chordae tendineae
Anterior aspect
Right ventricle
prevents regurgitation of blood back into the right ventricle
Pulmonary (semilunar) valve
leaves right ventricle carrying deoxygenated blood
Pulmonary trunk
Blood enters pulmonary trunk and enters these two vessels
1) Left pulmonary A.
2) Right pulmonary A.
Identify valves
4 Pulmonary V.
Left atrium
Located in left atrium
Opening to left auricle
In front of root of aorta
Left auricle
- assists in preventing mitral regurgitation during systole
- Blood from LA travels through to LV
Mitral (bicuspid) valve
Notice the thickness of the walls
Left ventricle
Identify the valve within the aorta
Aortic (semilunar) valve
vale closes preventing blood flow back into the ventricle…and blood under low pressure also enters the coronary arteries
Aortic (semilunar) valve
- delays the electrical activity for a few hundredths of a second **before allowing it to pass into the ventricles **
- allows proper systole of the atria
AV node
Superior Vena Cava
Aorta
Pulmonary trunk
Aortic arch
- Vessel off aorta
- Gives rise to R. common carotid and R. subclavian artery
Brachiocephalic Atery/Trunk
Right Subclavian A.
Right Common Carotid A.
Vessel off aorta
Left Common Carotid A.
Vessel off aorta
Left Subclavian A.
Trachea
Right Brachiocephalic V.
Left Brachiocephalic V.
Ascending Aorta
No function in adults but important in infants
Ligamentum Arteriosum
Left ventricle
Right ventricle
Right marginal A.
Right auricle
Inferior vena cava
Inferior vena cava
The superior vena cava is positioned ____ to the ascending aorta
lateral (right)
The descending (thoracic) aorta passes ____ to the left main bronchus
posterior
The descending (thoracic) aorta is positioned ____ to the pericardial sac
posterior
The descending (thoracic) aorta is positioned to the ____ of the vertebral column
left (lateral)
The inferior vena cava is positioned to the ____ of the descending aorta
right
The inferior vena cava passes ____ to the liver and is positioned ____ to the caudate lobe
posterior
lateral
