Block 4

Question 1

Who argues that environmental concerns represent the most powerful opposition to neoliberalism?

Answer 1

McCarthy and Prudham 2004

Question 2

globalization and climate change have overlapping, but what do who argue is problematic about this?

Answer 2

O’Brien and Leichenko 2000 They are generally thought of as separate. Africa, for example, is thought of as a loser from both globalization and from climate change.

Question 3

Who says that sustainable development is just the start of a process, and should not be considered to be the end?

Answer 3

Adams 2001

Question 4

Who argues that many ESS are public goods that cannot and should not be chopped up and privatised

Answer 4

Wood 2014

Question 5

What is the key paper arguing against the use of ESS for development goals?

Answer 5

McAfee 2012

Question 6

What is McAfee’s logic?

Answer 6

It is argued to be a part of understanding the world as a market that worsen inequality without realising their promised environmental benefits, so it fails on two fronts. It can only work with community development

Question 7

What does McAfee 2012 argue to be the most widespread and fastest growing ESS?

Answer 7

Trade in carbon credits for carbon impounding ESS in carbon credits

Question 8

Who is the big, non development, pro ESS paper?

Answer 8

Costanza et al 2014

Question 9

Who says that ESS is an approach that implies a commodification of nature?

Answer 9

McCauley 2006

Question 10

If society treats something currently unmarketised as a marketable good then what does it risk, according to Adams 2014?

Answer 10

Projecting existing inequalities onto a new canvas

Question 11

What is the quito water fund case study?

Answer 11

Tallis et al 2008

Question 12

What does who argue that petrocapitalism has done to the Ngier delta?

Answer 12

Made it into a political tinderbox with assignations of those such as Marshall Harry

Question 13

What proportion of Africans are Nigerian?

Answer 13

1/5

Question 14

Who stresses, looking at Nigeria, the paradox of the oil industry?

Answer 14

Zalik 2004; oil funding is reliant on high prices which causes the insecurity that threatens the oil, so it is in their interest for oil conflict as it keeps the prices high

Question 15

Who is the rentier state citation?

Answer 15

Ross 2001

Question 16

Who argues against reading too much into oil itself, as this becomes commodity determinism?

Answer 16

Watts 2004

Question 17

Who argues MASSIVELY that armed conflict is increasingly commercial rather than government led

Answer 17

Le Billion 2001

Question 18

According to Adger, when, what is a vulnerable system?

Answer 18

2006 a vulnerable system is one whose resilience has been eroded.

Question 19

What else does Adger 2006 say?

Answer 19

There nexus between environmental vulnerability and socio-political vulnerability, between armed conflict and environmental pressure.

Question 20

What are the two case studies for atoll islands?

Answer 20

Barentt and Adger 2003 and Donner and Webber 2014

Question 21

Which place in particular do Donner and Webber 2014 discuss?

Answer 21

Kiribati

Question 22

What, other than an Atoll case study, is the other aspect of Barnett and Adger 2003?

Answer 22

concerns the vulnerability of atoll countries, rendered uninhabitable by climate change, naturally ranging questions about sovereignty

Question 23

Who talks abbot the oxymoronic structure of sustainable development, and what is their exact phrase?

Answer 23

O Riordan 1995 the ambiguity of the phrase sustainable development allows it to transcend the tensions inherent in its meaning.

Question 24

Apart from O’riordon 1995, who else talks about the problems of the ambiguity of sustainable development?

Answer 24

Mitchell 1997

Question 25

What are the two people viewing sustainable development as a process rather than as an end goal?

Answer 25

Carter 2001 and Adams 2001

Question 26

What is the pro _SDGs source and what does he argue?

Answer 26

Sachs 2017 argues that sustainable development goals are more realistic than MDGs, scaling down objectives from progress to survival

Question 27

Who argues about the rentier effect?

Answer 27

Ross 2001

Question 28

What is the other argument of Ross 2001?

Answer 28

the repression effect (enough state revenue to finance military expenditures and internal security)

Question 29

What is Watts 2004 sceptical of, re Ross 2001?

Answer 29

Commodity determinism, Watts is skeptical that oil itself can hinder democracy any more than copper might liberate it

Question 30

What does Watts describe oil in Nigeria as?

Answer 30

As fetishised to take on brilliant characteristics that do not deliver

Question 31

Who argue that oil will necessarily be producing conflict, and what is the example that undermines this

Answer 31

Klare 2001, but look at Norway.

Question 32

what, other than Watts (2004) cautions against commodity determinism?

Answer 32

LeBillion 2001

Question 33

What is LeBillion’s argument?

Answer 33

the availability in nature of any resource is thus not in itself a predictive indicator of conflict.
Both the abundance and the scarcity perspectives do not sufficiently look at the social aspects of resources. Japan is a resource poor, big economy country whilst norway is a peaceful resource rich country