Block 3: Muscular System - Lecture 3.5 Flashcards
What are our bodies main energy sources, and where do we get them from?
Macronutrients from the foods we eat:
- carbohydrates
- lipids
- protein
What happens to the macronutrients during digestion?
Macronutrients get transformed into “usable” units
- carbohydrates –> glucose
- lipids –> fatty acids
- proteins –> amino acids
After digestion, where do the “usable” units of macronutrients end up?
Blood and Lymph Vessels through absorption to allow for transportation
From transportation of the “usable” units of macronutrients, where does glucose end up?
Liver –> glycogen
Muscle –> glycogen
From transportation of the “usable” units of macronutrients, where do amino acids end up?
Muscle –> protein
From transportation of the “usable” units of macronutrients, where do triglycerides end up?
Adipose Tissue –> triglycerides
Muscle –> triglycerides
Triglycerides are broken down from ________.
Lipids
What is the bodies immediate source of energy?
ATP through ATP hydrolysis
What are the three major uses of ATP in the body, and which are related to muscles for tension and relaxation?
1) Myosin ATPase –> tension
2) Calcium pump of SR –> relaxation
3) Sodium/Potassium ATPase –> electrical potentials
How is ATP used in Myosin ATPase?
myosin heads hydrolyze ATP for tension
How is ATP used in Calcium pumps of SR?
ATP lowers calcium concentration to promote relaxation
How is ATP used in Sodium/Potassium ATPase?
1) maintains appropriate levels of sodium & potassium in and out of the cell
- correct balance is essential to generate electrical signals
In one word, where does ATP come from?
metabolism
What are the two main types of metabolism?
Anaerobic –> no oxygen
Aerobic –> requires oxygen
What happens when one’s body goes into a starvation state?
rapid muscle break down using proteins for energy
