Block 3 Exam Flashcards
What are the 3 fundamental skills of Basic Attitude Instrument Flying?
- Instrument scan/cross check
- Interpretation
- Aircraft Controls
Explain the 1st fundamental of BAIF
- Instrument scan/cross check
- The continuous and logical observation of instruments for attitude and performance information
- Reading the instruments in a pattern and getting the a/c to do what you want
- Knowing where to look
Explain the 2nd Fundamental of BAIF
- Interpretation
- Understanding of the construction and operating principles
- Knowing what the instrument is telling you and asking “Is this was I want?”
Explain the 3rd Fundamental of BAIF
- Aircraft Controls
- Manipulating controls to get instruments to read what you want
- Will develop with practice
What are 3 Scanning errors that can occur during BAIF?
- Fixation
- Omission
- Emphasis
What are 3 Interpretation errors that can occur during BAIF?
- Looking at the wrong instrument
- Misinterpretation of info
- Direct vs. Indirect indication
What are the altitude/heading/airspeed tolerances for instrument flying?
Altitude: +/-100 feet
Heading: +/-10 degrees
Airspeed: +/-10 knots
What is the rule of thumb for leveling off on a specific altitude from a climb/descent?
- Lead your level off by 10% of vertical speed
- If you’re climbing at 1000fpm start transitioning to level off 100ft before you intended altitude
What is the rule of thumb for establishing a bank angle for a standard rate turn?
- 15% of TAS will give approximate bank angle for a standard rate turn
- At 100 KTAS, a standard rate turn is approx. 15 degrees of bank
Briefly describe the Controlled Performance method of BAIF
- The aircraft is flown by controlling the ATTITUDE and POWER to produce controlled and stabilized flight (PERFORMANCE)
- Attitude + Power = Performance
What are the CONTROL instruments in the Controlled Performance method of BAIF?
- Attitude Indicator
- Power Indicator (RPM, MP, fan speed, etc.)
What are the PERFORMANCE instruments in the Controlled Performance method of BAIF?
- Altimeter, ASI, and VSI
- Any indication of the a/c’s actual performance including heading indicator and turn coordinator/indicator
Advantages of the Controlled Performance method of BAIF?
- Specific attitudes and power settings needed to achieve desired performance only have to be learned once per airplane
- Easy to remember
- “Set and forget”
- Teaches pilots to be more in tune with a/c performance/capabilities
Disadvantages of the Controlled Performance method of BAIF?
- Trial and error to find specific combinations
- Unique configuration charts for every a/c
- Pilot dependence on Attitude Indicator…partial panel = real emergency
What are the 4 steps of the control/performance method?
- Establish (control instruments to give performace)
- Trim (fine tune until control pressures are neutralized)
- Cross-Check (see and interpret)
- Adjust (attitude/power inst.)
Briefly describe the Primary Supporting method of BAIF
- Utilize primary and supporting flight instruments to maintain a/c pitch, bank, and power control
Advantages of the Primary Supporting method of BAIF?
- Encouraged by FAA
- Applies to all a/c (transferable skill)
- Develops good partial panel skills (not reliant on one instrument)
Disadvantages of the Primary Supporting method of BAIF?
- Often confusing at first/difficult to remember what instruments are primary/supporting
What is the PRIMARY PITCH instrument for maintaining altitude?
- Altimeter
What are the SUPPORTING PITCH instruments for maintaining pitch attitude?
- VSI
- ASI
- Altitude trend vector
What is the PRIMARY BANK instrument for maintaining bank attitude?
- Heading Indicator
What are the SUPPORTING BANK instruments for maintaining bank attitude?
- Attitude Indicator
- Turn Coordinator
- Magnetic Compass
What are the PRIMARY instruments during steep turns?
- Bank: Attitude Indicator
What is the PRIMARY POWER instrument for maintaining airspeed?
- Airspeed Indicator
What are the SUPPORTING POWER instruments for maintaining airspeed?
- Tachometer
- Manifold Pressure
What are the PRIMARY instruments for maintaining STRAIGHT AND LEVEL flight?
- Pitch: Altimeter
- Bank: Heading Indicator
- Power: ASI
What are the PRIMARY instruments during TRANSITION to STANDARD RATE TURNS?
- Pitch: Altimeter
- Bank: ATTITUDE INDICATOR
- Power: ASI
What are the PRIMARY instruments during an ESTABLISHED STANDARD RATE TURNS?
- Pitch: Altimeter
- Bank: Turn Coordinator
- Power: ASI
What are the PRIMARY instruments during TRANSITION TO A CLIMB?
- Pitch: Attitude Indicator
- Bank: Heading Indicator
- Power: RPM
What are the PRIMARY instruments during an ESTABLISHED CONSTANT A.S. CLIMB?
- Pitch: ASI
- Bank: Heading Indicator
- Power: RPM
What are the PRIMARY instruments during a CONSTANT RATE CLIMB?
- Pitch: VSI
- Bank: Heading Indicator
- Power: ASI
What is the rule of thumb for making altitude corrections?
- Rate of altitude change should equal 2 x (altitude deviation) up to a max of 500ft/min
- If you are 100ft to altitude, your correction should only be 200fpm
- If you are less than 100ft off pitch to 1/2 a bar, if you are greater than 100 ft off pitch to 1 full bar (attitude indicator)
What is the proper way to recover from a nose high unusual attitude?
- Power IN
- Pitch down (to avoid stalling)
- Level the wings
What is the proper way to recover from a nose low unusual attitude?
- Power OUT
- Level the wings
- Pitch up
In a C172 what degree of pitch with give you a 450fpm climb/descent?
2.5 degrees change
An Attitude and Heading Indicator malfunction would indicate what kind of system failure?
Vacuum system failure
What controlled performance gets an airspeed of 90 knots and a 500fpm on approach descent in a C172?
- Power: 1900 RPM
- Attitude: -5 degree pitch
