Block 1 Exam Flashcards
Who provides Flight Watch?
AFSS, En-route flight advisory service
What are the 3 different methods of navigation?
Pilotage, dead reckoning and radio
Who is responsible for maintain the a/c in an airworthy condition?
The owner/operator
Who is responsible for determining whether the a/c is in airworthy condition?
The PIC
What is Airworthiness?
- FAA approval for an a/c to be flown
- Meets approved type design
- Built and maintained in an airworthy way
- No overdue inspections
- Safe for flight
If you rent an aircraft form an FBO, does it need a 100 hour inspection?
No, only if it is being used for flight instruction.
Can you overfly the Annual Inspection?
NO!
Can you overfly the 100 hour inspection?
Yes, by 10 hours while en-route to get the inspection. Not for leisure! Extra hours will roll-over.
What must you do if you need to overfly the Annual Inspection?
Contact the FSDO! Must get a Special/Ferry Permit signed off by an Airworthiness Inspector.
What is a Progressive Inspection?
- 3 phases, 60 hours (UND)
- All phases must be completed within 12 calendar months
- Satisfies Annual and 100 hour inspections
- Keeps a/c down for less time
IFR required equipment?
Generator Radio (2-way) Attitude Indicator Ball (slip-skid Indicator) Clock (Installed - can count SECONDS) Altitude Indicator Rate of Turn Indicator Directional Gyro.
What does a pilot need to know about ELT removal?
It must be properly placarded, and you must not exceed 90 days without an ELT.
How do you use 91.213(d)?
- Kinds of Equipment List
- VFR Day Type Cert
- Airworthiness Directives
- 91.205
- If inop equipment is required by any, the a/c is un-airworthy
- If inop equipment is NOT required by any, it must be removed/deactivated, placarded, and the PIC makes the final decision in whether the a/c is in airworthy condition
What parts of the eye are used for night vision? What type of scan is used at night?
Rods! 10 degree boxes, focus for several seconds. Off center viewing to eliminate the straight ahead blind spot.
What do Rods in the eyes detect?
Light sensitivity and motion!
What do Cones in the eyes detect?
Details and colors!
What must a pilot have in order to be granted a Special VFR at night?
Instrument rating, and the a/c must be IFR equipped.
What are Special VFR weather minimums?
1sm visibility, clear of clouds, with ATC clearance.
What is Variation?
Compasses point to Magnetic north, which varies from True North by an error called VARIATION.
What is Deviation?
Error due to instruments in the cockpit
What is the 3P Model and what does each part consist of?
An ADM risk management process.
- Perceive - Gathering information (PAVE)
- Process - Consequences, Alternatives, Reality, External (CARE)
- Perform - Pick an course of action and do it. Transfer, Eliminate, Accept, Mitigate (TEAM)
What is ADS-B? (General)
Automatic Dependent Surveillance - Broadcast
- Eliminates blind spots by providing positioning to ATC and location of traffic for pilots (if equipped)
- 1 second updates
- Cost of maintenance becomes owner/operater problem
What does ADS-B “IN” provide?
TIS-B (traffic), FIS-B (flight-weather), and sends out position!
What does ADS-B “OUT” provide?
Only sends out your a/c’s position, you do not get traffic or weather “in”
What will the new mandate on January 1st, 2020 require regarding ADS-B?
- All a/c operating in E above 10,000’, in A, in/above/within mode C of B, and in/above C must have ADS-B “OUT.”
~OR~ - UAT (universal access transponder)
- 1090ES transponder
What is the PAVE checklist?
- A risk assessment checklist
1. Pilot - IMSAFE
2. Aircraft - Familiarization, performance/limitations
3. Environment - Weather, terrain, day/night, airspaces
4. External Pressures - Passengers, time, emotions
What are the 3 types of Human Errors?
- Perceptual (not identifying a problem/change)
- Procedural (ex. forgetting to put the wheels down)
- Decisional (ex. continuing into bad weather)
Define analytical decision making
Comparing pros and cons of different approaches
Define automatic decision making
Reactionary. Assessing a change to see if it is FAMILIAR, and then quickly imagining how 1+ courses of action will play out
What is the DECIDE checklist?
- An analytical decision making process
1. Detect - the change/hazard
2. Estimate - the need to counter/react
3. Choose - a desirable outcome
4. Identify - action to control the change successfully
5. Do - take necessary action
6. Evaluate - the effect of the action
What are spatial disorientations caused by the vestibular system?
- Vestibular = Ear
1. The Leans
2. Coriolis Illusion
3. Graveyard Spiral
What would causes a pilot to become spatially disorientated because of The Leans?
Entering a banked attitude too slowly, and returning to straight and level more abruptly. Fluid in the ear fails to move and create the initial “roll” sensation, and upon correcting out of the bank, the fluid is set into opposite motion creating a false sensation of turning.
What would causes a pilot to become spatially disorientated because of Coriolis Illusion?
When a pilot has been in a turn long enough for the fluid in the ear canal to move at the same speed as the canal. MOVEMENT OF THE HEAD to a different plane then sets the fluid moving in a different direction, and creates the illusion of turning or accelerating on an entirely different axis.
What would causes a pilot to become spatially disorientated and enter a Graveyard Spiral?
A pilot in a prolonged coordinated, constant-rate turn, will lose the sensation of turning. During recovery to straight and level flight (MOVEMENT OF THE A/C), the pilot experiences the sensation of turning in the opposite direction, so the pilot returns the a/c to the turn.
When do your position and anti-collision lights need to be on in flight?
Sunset to sunrise
When can you log night flight?
The end of evening civil twilight to the beginning of morning civil twilight.
When must you a/c be night equipped?
The end of evening civil twilight to the beginning of morning civil twilight.
When can you log night landings?
1 hour after sunset and 1 hour before sunrise
What currency is required to carry passengers at night?
3 takeoffs and landings to a full stop in the same make and model in the preceding 90 days during the period beginning 1 hour after sunset and ending 1 hour before sunrise.
What illusions would a brightly lit runways create?
Creates the illusion of being closer to the runway, causing a higher than normal approach.
What illusions would featureless terrain or a “black hole” create?
Creates the illusion of being too low, causing a higher than normal approach
