Block 15 drug list Flashcards
Diphenoxylate
Drug Class: Anti-diarrheal medication
MOA:
Diphenoxylate is an opiate receptor agonists that stimulate mu receptors in GI to decrease the peristalsis and constrict the sphincters. Diphenoxylate has a direct effect on circular smooth muscle of the bowel, that conceivably results in segmentation and prolongation of gastrointestinal transit time.
Loperamide
Drug Class: Long acting anti-diarrheal
Indication: non-specific diarrohea and chronic diarrohea
MOA:
Loperamide acts on the mu-opioid receptor expressed on the circular and longitudinal intestinal muscle
Loperamide inhibits the release of acetylcholine and prostaglandins,8 thereby reducing propulsive peristalsis and increasing intestinal transit time
Kaolin
Drug class: Natural
Indication: diarrohea, skin dryness and minor bleeding
MOA:
Kaolin adsorbs water, toxins and bacteria, contributing to firmer stools, reducing fluid loss from diarrhea.
Ispaghula Husk
Indication: Constipation
Lactulose
Drug Class: Laxative
Indication: chronic constipation
Bisacodyl
Drug Class: stimulant laxative
Indication: Occasional constipation and cleansing of colon
MOA:
Bisacodyl is deacetylated to the active bis-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-pyridyl-2-methane (BHPM) by an intestinal deacetylase.4,5,6 BHPM can stimulate parasympathetic nerves in the colon directly to increase motility and secretions.5
Docusate
Drug class: Stool softener
Indication: Constipation associated with dry hard stools, and opiod induced constipation
Allopurinol
Drug class: for gout
Indication: prophylaxis of gout
MOA: reduces urinary and serum uric acid levels by inhibiting xanthine oxidase
Hydrocortisone
Weak steroid
Betamethasone
Strong steroid
Fludrocortisone
Drug class: Mineralocorticoid
Indication: adrenocortical insufficiency
Beclomethasone
Inhaled corticosteroid