Block 1 Teratogens Flashcards
What’s the most vulnerable stage of development during growth that is most effected by teratogens
Organogenesis (18-55 days)
ACE inhibitors are used to lower BP what teratogens
Renal failure
Oligohydramnios
Hypocalvaria (low Ca2+ causing hypoplasia)
Renal failure
Oligohydramnios
Hypo calvaria (low Ca2+ causing hypoplasia)
Are teratogenic complications of which drugs?
ACE inhibitors (used to lower BP)
Alkylating agents cause which teratogenic complications?
Ear/facial abnormalities
Missing digits
Ear/facial abnormalities
Missing digits
Are teratogenic complications of which drugs
Alkylating agents
Aminoglycosides causes what teratogenic effects
Ototoxicity (ear)
Ototoxicity (ear)
Are teratogenic complications of which drugs
Aminoglycosides
What are the teratogenic effects of smoking
Premature birth
Low birth weight
Fetal growth restriction
SIDS
ADHD
Due to vasoconstriction & impaired O2 delivery
Premature birth
Low birth weight
Fetal growth restriction
SIDS
ADHD
Due to vasoconstriction & impaired O2 delivery
Are teratogenic complications of which drugs
Smoking
Antiepileptics cause which teratogenic complications
NTD
Cardiac defects
Cleft Platelet
Skeletal defects (hypoplastic nails & facial dysmorphism)
“Antiepileptics Have No Fun”
NTD
Cardiac defects
Cleft Platelet
Skeletal defects (hypoplastic nails & facial dysmorphism)
Are teratogenic complications of which drug use?
Anti epileptics
Which anti epileptics are the number one culprits for causing teratogenic effects?
Valproate
Carbamazepine
Phenytoin
Phenobarbital
What are the teratogenic complications of cocaine use?
Premature birth
Low birth weight
Fetal growth restriction
(caused by the vasoconstriction)
Premature birth
Low birth weight
Fetal growth restriction
(caused by the vasoconstriction)
Are teratogenic complications of which drug use?
Cocaine
What are the teratogenic complications of Diethylstilbestrol use?
Vaginal clear cell cancer &
Congenital Mullerian defects
Vaginal clear cell cancer &
Congenital Mullerian defects
Are teratogenic complications of which drug use?
Diethylstilbestrol
What teratogenic complications do fluoroquinolones cause?
Cartilage damage
What are the teratogenic complications of folate antagonists?
NTD
Which folate antagonists are the high risk culprits for causing NTD’s?
Trimethoprim & methotrexate
What teratogenic complications are caused by Isotretinoin?
Craniofacial abnormalities (microtia & dysmorphism)
CNS issues
Cardiac & thymic defects
Craniofacial abnormalities (microtia & dysmorphism)
CNS issues
Cardiac & thymic defects
Are teratogenic complications of which drug?
Isotretinoin
What teratogenic complications does lithium cause?
Ebstein’s anomaly
What teratogenic complications doe methimazole cause?
Aplasia cutis congenital (aka missing scalp skin)
“METH head = aplasia cutis”
What’s the condition? & what’s the teratogenic drug responsible?
Aplasia cutis congenital & Methimazole
What teratogenic complications are caused by Thalidomide?
Phocomelia aka flipper limbs
What’s the condition? & what’s the teratogenic drug responsible?
Thalidomide & Phocomelia
What teratogenic effects are caused by TCA’s?
Discolored teeth
Inhibited bone growth
What’s the condition? & what’s the teratogenic drug responsible?
TCA’s & discolored teeth
What’s the teratogenic complications caused by Warfarin?
Bone + cartilage deformities (Stippled epiphyses & nasal/limb hypoplasia)
Optic nerve atrophy
Cerebral hemorrhage
Bone + cartilage deformities (Stippled epiphyses & nasal/limb hypoplasia)
Optic nerve atrophy
Cerebral hemorrhage
Are teratogenic complications of which drug?
Warfarin
What’s the condition? & what’s the teratogenic drug responsible?
Wafarin & Bone + cartilage deformities (Stippled epiphyses & nasal/limb hypoplasia)
Optic nerve atrophy
Cerebral hemorrhage
COLd warS
What is the early sign of aspirin toxicity?
patient will present with respiratory alkylosis
Mr. Smith presents with severe confusion, tinnitus, vomiting, and palpation-tender abdomen. He has a history of excessive aspirin intake, leading to symptoms of aspirin toxicity. On examination, he appears disoriented and agitated with slightly elevated respiratory rate. Laboratory tests show metabolic acidosis and elevated anion gap. His arterial blood gas analysis indicates partially compensated respiratory alkalosis. What is the drug toxicity & what is the treatment
Diagnosis of aspirin toxicity which can be treated with Bicarbonate
Aspirin toxicity causes which effects?
**Tinnitus (CN VIII)
**Gastric ulceration
Dizziness/Headache/Seizures
Sweating
Rapid breathing & heart rate
Fever
**Bleeding tendencies
Aspirin can cause what reaction in patients with nasal polyps or asthma
allergic reactions
What is the risk of chronic aspirin toxicity
Kidney injury
Interstitial nephritis
GI bleeding
Why don’t you give children with a viral infection aspirin?
Reye’s syndrome
What’s the transitional sign of aspirin toxicity?
Mixed metabolic acidosis with respiratory alkalosis
