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Phase I Drugs List > Block 1 Drugs List > Flashcards

Block 1 Drugs List Flashcards

1
Q

Antacids

Drugs used to treat disorders of gastric acid secretion

A

Generic drugs name(s):

aluminium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide, calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate

Principal MoA:

Gastric acid neutralisation

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2
Q

Antacids + alginates

Drugs used to treat disorders of gastric acid secretion

A

Generic drugs name(s):

sodium alginate with sodium bicarbonate and calcium carbonate

Principal MoA:

Gastric acid neutralisation and increasing viscosity of stomach contents

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3
Q

H2-receptor antagonists

Drugs used to treat disorders of gastric acid secretion

A

Generic drugs name(s):

ranitidine

Principal MoA:

Blockade of gastric H2 histamine receptors

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4
Q

Proton-pump inhibitors

Drugs used to treat disorders of gastric acid secretion

A

Generic drugs name(s):

omeprazole, lansoprazole

Principal MoA:

Blockade of parietal cell proton transporters

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5
Q

Bulk laxatives

Purgatives

A

Generic drugs name(s):

methylcellulose, ispaghula husk

Principal MoA:

Water retention in intestinal lumen to soften & bulk stools

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6
Q

Osmotic laxatives

Purgatives

A

Generic drugs name(s):

magnesium sulphate and magnesium hydroxide (saline purgatives), macrogol, lactulose

Principal MoA:

Promote movement of fluid across the wall into the GI lumen, which accelerates transit and causes colonic distension, simulating purgation

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7
Q

Faecal softeners

Purgatives

A

Generic drugs name(s):

docusate, arachis oil

Principal MoA:

Lower surface tension - allowing water and fat to enter stool, softening stool consistency & increasing bulk to aid transit

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8
Q

Stimulant purgatives

Purgatives

A

Generic drugs name(s):

bisacodyl, senna

Principal MoA:

Increase intestinal motility

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9
Q

Oral rehydration therapy

Drugs used in the treatment of diarrhoea

A

Generic drugs name(s):

isotonic/hypotonic solution of glucose and sodium chloride

Principal MoA:

Promotes uptake of Na+ and water by intestines, restoring
hydration levels following fluid loss from diarrhoea

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10
Q

Opioid anti-motility agents

Drugs used in the treatment of diarrhoea

A

Generic drugs name(s):

loperamide, codeine

Principal MoA:

Agonist for µ-opioid receptors in myenteric plexus.

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11
Q

Aminosalicylate (for inflammatory bowel disease)

Drugs used in the treatment of diarrhoea

A

Generic drugs name(s):

mesalazine

Principal MoA:

Suppresses immune system in gut to reduce inflammation and tissue damage

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12
Q

Loop diuretics

Diuretic drugs

A

Generic drugs name(s):

furosemide

Principal MoA:

Inhibits Na+/K+/2Cl- transporter in loop of Henle

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13
Q

Thiazides (& related diuretics)

Diuretic drugs

A

Generic drugs name(s):

indapamide, bendroflumethiazide, hydrochlorothiazide, chlortalidone

Principal MoA:

Inhibits Na+/Cl- co-transporter in early distal tubule

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14
Q

Potassium sparing diuretics

Diuretic drugs

A

Generic drugs name(s):

spironolactone, eplerenone (mineralocorticoid receptor (aldosterone) antagonists), amiloride (epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) antagonist)

Principal MoA:

Mineralocorticoid receptor blockade (spironolactone, eplerenone)

Blockade of sodium reabsorption via ENaC channel (amiloride)

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15
Q

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

Diuretic drugs

A

Generic drugs name(s):

acetazolamide

Principal MoA:

Prevent renal reabsorption of bicarbonate

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16
Q

Osmotic diuretics

Diuretic drugs

A

Generic drugs name(s):

mannitol

Principal MoA:

Increases osmolarity of glomerular filtrate

17
Q

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors

Drugs that affect the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS)

A

Generic drugs name(s):

ramipril

Principal MoA:

Inhibits conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II. Reduces vasoconstriction

18
Q

Angiotensin-II receptor antagonists

Drugs that affect the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS)

A

Generic drugs name(s):

losartan

Principal MoA:

Blockade of cell signalling induced by angiotensin II

19
Q

Aldosterone antagonist

Drugs that affect the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS)

A

Generic drugs name(s):

spironolactone

Principal MoA:

Blockade of mineralocorticoid activation

20
Q

Thyroid hormones

Drugs used to treat thyroid disorders

A

Generic drugs name(s):

levothyroxine, liothyronine

Principal MoA:

Activation of thyroid hormone receptors

21
Q

Alpha-adrenergic blocker (for urinary retention)

Drugs used to treat altered voiding

A

Generic drugs name(s):

Tamsulosin

Principal MoA:

Smooth muscle relaxant affecting neck of bladder

22
Q

Urinary anti-spasmodic; anticholinergic (for urinary incontinence)

(Drugs used to treat altered voiding)

A

Generic drugs name(s):

Oxybutinin

Principal MoA:

Blockade of muscarinic receptors leading to reduction of bladder detrusor activity

Phase I Drugs List (5 decks)

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