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Sem 3: Pharm > Block 1 - Bucknoff > Flashcards

Block 1 - Bucknoff Flashcards

1
Q

What are the advantages of IV administration?

A
  1. Acts quick
  2. Does not irritate tissue
  3. Can admin over time
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2
Q

What are the disadvantages of IV admin?

A
  1. Complication risks
  2. Phlebitis
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3
Q

What are the advantages of itraosseous admin?

A
  1. As efficient as IV
  2. Acts quick
  3. Can use in small patients
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4
Q

What are the disadvantages of itraosseous admin?

A
  1. Short term use only
  2. Some drugs cant be given this way
  3. Painful
  4. Risk of injury/fracture in young*
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5
Q

What are the advantages to inhalation?

A
  1. Acts quick
  2. Eliminated via exhalation
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6
Q

What are the disadvantages to inhalation?

A
  1. Irritating
  2. Not well tolerated
  3. Depressant
  4. Has to be constantly monitored (anesthesia)
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7
Q

What are the advantages to SQ admin?

A
  1. Slow but constant absorption
  2. Long lasting effect
  3. Owner can give at home
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8
Q

What are the disadvantages to to SQ admin?

A
  1. Slow effect - not ideal for emergencies
  2. Can be irritating
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9
Q

What are the advantages to IM admin?

A
  1. Absorbed quickly
  2. Longer lasting effect than IV
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10
Q

What are the disadvantages to IM admin?

A
  1. Painful
  2. Potential tissue damage
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11
Q

Which route of administration acts the slowest?

A

Transdermal

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12
Q

What act grants the FDA the authority to regulate and monitor compounded drugs?

A

Title 1 of the Drug Quality and Security Act of 2013

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13
Q

What regulations surround compounding medication?

A
  1. Not allowed to compound unless there’s a shortage
  2. Must have vet/client/patient relationship
  3. Must be safe/effective
  4. Allowed if no other drug meets patients needs
  5. CANT COMPOUND IN BULK
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14
Q

What schedule of controlled substances has to be filled out by a written prescription only and allows NO REFILLS?

A

Schedule 2 controlled drugs

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15
Q

Who regulates controlled drugs?

A

DEA - established by the controlled substance act of 1970

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16
Q

Who regulates prescription drugs?

A

CVM - center of veterinary medicine

WITHIN THE FDA - FDA is also within the USDA

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17
Q

All FDA approved animal drugs have a ________ number

A

NADA

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18
Q

What are biologics?

A

Vaccines, diagnostic kits, bacterins

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19
Q

Who manages biologics?

20
Q

________ allows us to reference info regarding withdrawal times in food animals

21
Q

What act allows veterinarians to prescribe off-label drugs?

A

AMDUCA - Animal medicinal drug use clarification act

22
Q

What animals are veterinarians not able to use extra label drugs?

A

Food animals

23
Q

What is pharmacology?

A

study of interaction of drugs within living systems

24
Q

What is pharmacokinetics?

A

** what the animal does to the drug

ADME
1. Absorption
2. Distribution
3. Metabolism
4. Excretion

describes the disposition or movement of drugs within the body

25
What is pharmacodynamics?
***What the drug does to the animal - Describes the mechanism of action (MOA)
26
What is a drug according to the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act?
1. Recognized in an official pharmacopoeia 2. Intended for use in DIAGNOSTICS, CURE, MITIGATION, TREATMENT, or PREVENTION of disease 3. A substance other than food intended to affect the structure or function of the body 4. Substance intended for use as a component of a medicine but NOT a device
27
Are vaccines considered a "drug"?
Yes! It prevents disease
28
The lower the controlled drug class, the ________ is the potential of abuse
HIGHER Class 1 - highest for abuse (Ex: Heroin) Class 5- lowest for abuse
29
True or False: The drug enforcement agency (DEA) regulates controlled drugs
TRUEEE
30
True or False: Class III has a higher abuse potential than a Class II controlled drug
FALSE Class II - Higher potential for abuse
31
Where can you go to find info about drug withdrawal times in food animals?
FARAD
32
Define DOSE:
Amt of drug given to achieve a certain effect
33
Define DOSAGE:
Amt of drug per unit of body weight Ex: mg/kg mL/kg
34
Define Concentration:
Amt of drug per unit of volume from the stock supply of medication Ex: for solid drugs 100mg tablet Ex: for liquid drug 10mg/mL bottle
35
The National Drug Code (NDC) is required on prescription medication. What agency assigns this 10-digit number?
DEA assigns NDC number
36
The New Animal Drug Application (NADA) number is assigned by which agency?
FDA assigns NADA number following drug approval
37
What are systemic routes of administration?
1. Enteral - Per OS (PO, orally) or via feeding tube ** Into the GI tract 2. Parenteral - anything else outside of GI tract Ex: IM, IV, SQ, etc
38
What is OTM?
Oral transmucosal - placed within oral cavity Sublingual or buccal
39
What dose dose interval "STAT" mean?
Start/Give Immediately
40
What does PRN mean?
Give as needed
41
What does QOD mean?
Give every other day Same as q48hrs/ q2d / EOD
42
What are the advantages of enteral route administration?
1. Convenient - can give @ home 2. Potential to decontaminate if needed (Ex: induce vomiting) 3. Feeding tubes useful in non-compliant or if multiple meds needed to be given
43
What are the disadvantages of enteral route administration?
1. Slow onset of action 2. Food/ other drugs can affect absorption 3. Inactivation by pH/enzymes 4. GI upset 5. Palatability 6. Patient + Owner compliance
44
Which of the following route of admin will have the fastest onset of action? A. IM B. Inhalation C. PO D. Transmucosal
B. Inhalation
45
How would you write the order for 2 tablets of a drug to be given 4 times per day on a treatment sheet?
Administer 2 tabs PO QID or Admin 2 tabs PO Q6h
46

Sem 3: Pharm (9 decks)

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