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Pathology > Bleeding Disorders > Flashcards

Bleeding Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

What are congenital coagulation disorders?

A

Haemophilia A

Haemophilia B

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2
Q

What are acquired coagulation disorders?

A

Liver disease
Vit K deficiency
Anticoagulants

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3
Q

What are symptoms of coagulation factor disorders?

A

Muscle haematomas
Recurrent haemarthroses -bleeding into joint
Joint pain
Prolonged bleeding

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4
Q

What is haemophilia A?

A

Congenital lack of factor VIII

Raised APTT

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5
Q

What is the genetic pattern of haemophilia A?

A

X-linked recessive

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6
Q

How is haemophilia A managed?

A

Recombinant factor VIII

DDAVP (desmopressin)

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7
Q

What is haemophilia B?

A

Congenital lack of factor IX

Raised APTT

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8
Q

What is the genetic pattern of haemophilia B?

A

X-linked recessive

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9
Q

How is haemophilia B managed?

A

Recombinant factor IX

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10
Q

What is Von Willebrands disease?

A

Defect in vWF

Raised APTT
Raised bleeding time

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11
Q

What is the genetic pattern of VWD?

A

Autosomal dominant

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12
Q

How is VWD managed?

A

Desmospressin
Transexamic acid
Von Willebrand concentrate

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13
Q

What are congenital vessel wall abnormalities?

A

HHT (hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia)

Connective tissue disorders

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14
Q

What are acquired vessel wall abnormalities?

A

Senile purpura
Steroids
Scurvy
Infection

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15
Q

What is HHT?

A

Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia

Dilated microvascular swellings

Autosomal dominant

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16
Q

What is DIC?

A

Disseminated intravascular coagulopathy

  • type of microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia
  • pathological activation of coagulation

Raised PT
Raised APTT
Raised D-dimers

17
Q

What triggers DIC?

A

Malignancy
Massive tissue injury
Infection
Transfusion reaction

18
Q

What are thrombophilias?

A

Acquired or congenital defects of haemostasis - increase risk of thrombosis

19
Q

Congenital causes of thrombophilias

A

Deficiency in natural anticoagulants

  • protein c
  • protein s
  • antithrombin

Factor V leiden

20
Q

Acquired causes of thrombophilias

A

Anti-phospholipid syndrome

Pathology (12 decks)

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