Bladder Outlet Obstruction Examination and Treatment

Question 1

Obstruction is more common in males/females

Answer 1

Males

Question 2

Over active bladder (frequency and urgency) is more common in males/females

Answer 2

Females

Question 3

Symptoms of Voiding (blockage effect)

Answer 3

Poor flow
Intermittent stream
Spraying of stream/deviated stream
Hesitancy
Post-micturition dribbling

Question 4

Symptoms of storage (secondary to blockage)

Answer 4

Frequency of urination
Urgency
Urgency incontinence 
Nocturia
Sense of incomplete emptying
Pain with bladder filling

Question 5

Complications of bladder outlet obstruction

Answer 5

Retention of urine (acute/chronic)
Bladder effect (diverticulum, saccules, hypofunction)
Renal failure (Hydronephrosis + abnormal renal functions)
Recurrent UTI (cystitis, prostatitis, epidymo-orchitis)
Bladder stones
Haematuria

Question 6

Treatment of benign prostate enlargement

Answer 6

Alpha blockers (tamsulosin - relax the prostate muscle and bladder neck)
Finasteride (shrinks prostate)
TURP (transurethral resection of prostate)

Question 7

Treatment of urethra stricture

Answer 7

urethrotomy

Question 8

Treatment of (unretractable foreskin)

Answer 8

circumcision

Dorsal Slit

Question 9

Treatment of Meatal/urethral stenosis

Answer 9

dilatation