BLACK SEA GRAIN DEAL

Question 1

Turkish president

Answer 1

Recep Tayyip Erdogan

Question 2

Montreux convention

Answer 2

1936
Signed by -AUSTRALIA,BULGARIA,FRANCE,GREECE,JAPAN,ROMANIA,YUGOSLAVIA,UK,SOVIET, TURKEY

Gives turkey control over the water route between Black Sea

For ships to move to and forth from Mediterranean… They have to pass two straits….DARDANELLES and BOSPOROUS states

Question 3

When did Russia annex crimea

Answer 3

2014

Question 4

When was black sea grain deal signed?

Answer 4

Istanbul
27th July, 2022
Brokered between UN and Turkey

Too provide safe maritime humanitarian corridor for Ukrainian exports.
From three of its ports..ODESA
CHRONOMORSK,YUZHNY,PIVDENNYI

Guided cargo ships into BLACK SEA

Stipulated for a period of 120 days once

Extended twice before RUSSIA withdrew it

Question 5

JOINT COORDINATIOM CENTRE

Answer 5

Representatives from RUSSIA,TURKEY,UKRAINE and UN for oversight

Register with jcc for monitoring safety

Each ship will be searched by jcc before entering

Question 6

Safe passage in black sea

Answer 6

310 nautical miles long
3 nautical miles wide

Question 7

Why was the deal needed

Answer 7

Since Ukraine was one of the major exporters of wheat in the world, and after Russia attacked blocked its ports, food prices are rising and food security concerns amongst poorer nations of the world

To tackle this UN and TURKEY got Russia to agree to black sea grain initiative 22july 2023

Question 8

Why Russia withdrw

Answer 8

It said that west had promised if they sign the deal sanctions on them be uplifted but that didn’t happen

They wanted sanctions on their agriculture bank be lifted named-ROSSELKHOZBANK

Question 9

How many days before a country with coastline should notify turkey to advance its vessels

Answer 9

8 days prior

Without coastline….15 days prior

Question 10

Countries with coatsline on black sea

Answer 10

Romania, georgia,Russia,Ukraine,bulgaria