Bk2 Ch4 Bodysystems

Question 1

To maintain a healthy intake of food we need to include…

Answer 1

Water, fibre and nutrients in our diet.

Question 2

Where can fibre be found?

Answer 2

cell walls of plants such as cereals, vegetables, fruit, nuts and seeds

Question 3

Water is a ______ in many
of the chemical reactions
that take place inside us.

Answer 3

Reactant

Question 4

Water is also required to ______ other chemicals, so that they can be easily transported around the body by ______.

Answer 4

dissolve; blood

Question 5

What are the effects of a low-fibre diet?

Answer 5

Harder, drier faeces and constipation (difficulty passing faeces). Also bowel cancer

Question 6

Fibre also soaks up some ______ ______ for removal from our bodies.

Answer 6

poisonous wastes

Question 7

There are five main nutrients:

Answer 7

carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, vitamins and minerals.

Question 8

______ are our main source of energy

Answer 8

Carbohydrates

Question 9

What are carbohydrates are made from?

Answer 9

carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

Question 10

The body converts most

carbohydrates into ______

Answer 10

Glucose

Question 11

Lipids are fats and ______

Answer 11

Oils

Question 12

Lipids are a rich source of ______, containing twice as much ______ as carbohydrates.

Answer 12

Energy (both)

Question 13

______ contain important vitamins, and are used for making cell membranes and nerve cells.

Answer 13

Fats

Question 14

Which nutrient provides insulation against loss

of body heat?

Answer 14

Fats

Question 15

Which nutrient is required for growth and repair of damaged or worn-out tissues (eg when a wound heals)?

Answer 15

Proteins

Question 16

Deficiency of which nutrient can lead to a disease called kwashiorkor?

Answer 16

Protein

Question 17

Which nutrients are needed in small amounts to speed up various chemical reactions in the body

Answer 17

Vitamins

Question 18

Vitamins are also essential to…

Answer 18

Maintain good health

Question 19

______ are elements or other chemically simple
substances that are also required for healthy growth
and to avoid deficiency diseases.

Answer 19

Minerals

Question 20

Minerals that are needed in larger amounts are called ______ _______, whereas those needed in smaller amounts are called ______ ______ .

Answer 20

major elements, trace elements

Question 21

______ is the process in which nutrients and energy are extracted from the food we eat.

Answer 21

Digestion

Question 22

Two other names for the gut:

Answer 22

alimentary canal, digestive tract

Question 23

The gut runs from the ______ to the ______

Answer 23

mouth, anus

Question 24

At around the age of 18, we
generally have all our ___ adult
teeth, with ___ in each jaw.

Answer 24

32, 16

Question 25

Tooth decay is caused by what?

Answer 25

Plaque

Question 26

What is plaque

Answer 26

a thin film of food, saliva and bacteria

that builds up on the teeth.