Bismarck’s Germany (Dates And Figures) Flashcards
What was Bismarck’s famous quote about how he brought the states together?
‘In 1871 I had an Empire, but by 1879 I had a nation’
When was Bismarck chancellor of Germany?
1871-90
What was life expectancy in big cities in 1880?
40
How did the percentage of city dwellers change between 1871-90?
1871 - 36% city dwellers
1890 - 47% city dwellers
How many seats did the SPD win in 1877?
12 seats
When were the SPD created?
1863
How many were sentenced to death or hard labour under anti-socialist laws?
15,000
When was Bismarck’s (state socialism) Old age and disability endurance?
1889
When was Bismarck’s (state socialism) Health insurance?
1888
What percentage of the population were non-German nationals in 1871?
10%
How many states were there when Bismarck united Germany?
26
What percentage of the population were protestant?
60%
Who are an example of industrial bourgeoisie?
The Krupp family?
What is the figure for the Krupp families changing employment (reflecting industrialisation)?
9000 employees in 1871, 13000 employees in 1873, 75000 in 1887
How many Jews and Poles did Bismarck expel in 1885-6?
34,000
How much did steel and coal production grow between 1871-90?
Steel: 1871 - 0.3 (million tonnes), 1890 - 2.2 (million tonnes)
Coal: 1871 - 38 (million tonnes), 1890 - 89 (million tonnes)
When did Germany win the Franco-Prussian war?
1870
What other countries had adopted tariffs in the late 1870s?
France, Austria, Russia
How many seats did the National Liberals lose the the 1878 elections?
29
What was Bismarck’s protectionism act?
1889 Tariff Act
When did Bismarck propose the Army automatically get 400,000 men a year?
1874
What is the term for the army budget being fixed every 7 years by the Reichstag?
Septennates
What was the name of Pope Pius’s writing condemning the National liberals? When was it?
- ‘syllabus of errors’
-1864
What were the main Kulturakampf laws? When were they?
- The ‘May laws’ 1873 (catholic education under state supervision, financial aid to Catholic Church stopped, state appointment of clergy)
Who was the second largest Reichstag party in 1871?
The Zentrum (catholic party)
How did the centre party’s seats change between 1871-74 (kulturkampf)
58 seats in 1871, 91 seats in 1874.
When did the Kulturkampf end?
1878 when Pope Pius IX died.
What was the term for Bismarck’s leadership style?
Realpolitik
What was the name of Bismarck’s speech about Prussian strength?
Blood and Iron speech
What percentage of Germany was Prussia? How much territory did they have?
60%, 2/3 of territory
What did August Babel say about the reichstag?
That it was ‘the fig leaf of despotism’
What majority was needed for decisions in the Bundestag? What did Prussia have? What did others have?
- 14 was needed, Prussia has 17, Bavaria had 6 and everyone else only had 1!
