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Clinical Comp > Bipolar and Related Disorders > Flashcards

Bipolar and Related Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

What is a manic episode for bipolar I disorder?

A

Abnormally and persistently elevated, expensive, or irritable mood and persistently increased goal directed activity or energy.

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2
Q

To qualify as a manic episode how long must symptomology last for?

A

One week.

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3
Q

What are the defining characteristics (7) of a manic episode?

A
  • Inflated self-esteem or grandiosity
  • Decreased need for sleep
  • More talkative or pressure to keep talking
  • Flight of ideas/thoughts are racing
  • Distractibility
  • Increase in goal directed activity or psychomotor agitation
  • Excessive involvement in activities with high potential for painful consequences.
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4
Q

True or false. At least one lifetime manic episode is required for the diagnosis of bipolar I disorder?

A

True.

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5
Q

What is the difference between a manic and hypomanic episode?

A

A hypomanic episode must last at least four consecutive days whereas a manic episode is a week duration.

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6
Q

True or false. Someone can have psychotic features during a hypomanic episode.

A

False.

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7
Q

For an individual to have a major depressive episodes, symptoms must be present for how long?

A

Same two week period.

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8
Q

True or false. Major depressive episodes are required for a diagnosis of bipolar I disorder.

A

False

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9
Q

What does the mood in a manic episode look like?

A

euphoric, excessively cheerful, “feeling on top of the world”.

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10
Q

What is lability?

A

Rapid shifts in mood over brief periods of time

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11
Q

What does a manic episode look like in children?

A

Happiness, silliness, goofiness. These qualities are recurrent, and inappropriate to the context and beyond what is expected for the developmental level of the child.

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12
Q

How does an individual get diagnosed with bipolar II disorder ?

A

Must meet the criteria for current or last hypomanic episode and past or current major depressive episode.

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13
Q

True or false. One can use the with seasonal pattern specifier on any type of bipolar episode?

A

False. It can only be used with depressive episodes.

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14
Q

Do hypomanic episodes need to cause clinically significant distress?

A

No only depressive episodes do.

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15
Q

True or false. Bipolar II is a milder form of a bipolar I disorder.

A

False.

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16
Q

Which bipolar disorder has greater chronicity and typically spend more time in a depressive phase.

A

Bipolar II disorder.

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17
Q

Can an individual have a hypomanic episode and receive a diagnosis of major depressive disorder ?

A

No.

18
Q

What type if bipolar II disorder has the poorest prognosis.

A

Rapid cycling pattern.

19
Q

What is the most common co-occurring disorder with bipolar II disorder.

A

Anxiety disorders.

20
Q

What are the defining characteristic of cyclothymic disorder?

A

Numerous periods with hypomanic symptoms that do not meet the criteria for a hypomanic episode. Numerous periods with depressive symptoms that do not meet criteria for a major depressive episode.

21
Q

How long must an individual have hypomanic and depressive symptoms for in order to be diagnosed with cyclothymic disorder.

A

Two years.

22
Q

During the two years of cyclothymic symptomology, symptoms are present half the time. How long can an individual go without having symptoms to qualify for this diagnosis?

A

No more than Two months.

23
Q

Which bipolar related disorder is defined as chronic, and fluctuating mood disturbances?

A

Cyclothymic disorder.

24
Q

True or false. If a person experiences symptoms that qualify for a major depressive or hypomanic episode, cyclothymic disorder remains the diagnosis.

A

False.

25
Q

When does cyclothymic disorder typically begin.

A

Adolescence or early adulthood.

26
Q

True or false. Cyclothymic disorder has an insidious onset and persistent course.

A

True.

27
Q

How does cyclothymic disorder get diagnosed in children?

A

Symptoms must last a year instead if two.

28
Q

What is the mean age at onset for child diagnosed cyclothymic disorder?

A

6.5 years.

29
Q

When is bipolar specified as with anxious distress?

A

Feeling keyed up or tense. Feeling unusually restless. Difficulty concentrating because of worry. Fear that something awful may happen. And feeling that one may lose control.

30
Q

For a manic or hypomanic episode to be specified as with mixed features what must be prominent?

A
  • Prominent dysphoria or depressed mood
  • Diminished interest or pleasure
  • Psychomotor retardation
  • Fatigue or loss of energy
  • Worthlessness or excessive or inappropriate guilt
  • Reoccurring thoughts of death.
31
Q

For a depressive episode to be Specified as with mixed features what must be present?

A
  • Elevated, expansive mood
  • Inflated self-esteem or grandiosity
  • More talkative or pressure to keep talking
  • Flight of ideas-thoughts are racing
  • Increase in energy or goal directed activity
  • Excessive involvement in activities that have high potential for painful consequences
  • Decreased need for sleep.
32
Q

When does a bipolar disorder get rapid cycling specifier?

A

When there are at least four mood episodes in the previous twelve months.

33
Q

True or false. Bipolar episodes can happen in an combination or order.

A

True.

34
Q

Describe the melancholic specifier for bipolar disorder.

A
  • Loss of pleasure
  • Lack of reactivity to usually pleasurable stimuli
  • The distinct quality of depressed mood characterized by despair, moroseness or empty mood
  • Depression that is worse in the morning
  • Early morning awakening
  • Psychomotor agitation or retardation
  • Anorexia or weight loss
  • Excessive or inappropriate guilt.
35
Q

What is included I the atypical specifier for bipolar related disorders.

A

Mood reactivity

Two or more of the following:

  • Significant weight gain or increase in appetite
  • Hypersomnia
  • Leaden paralysis
  • Inter-personal rejection sensitivity.
36
Q

What is mood reactivity?

A

Capacity to be cheered up when presented with positive events.

37
Q

What is hypersomnia?

A

Extended periods of nighttime sleep or daytime napping that totals at least 10 hours per day.

38
Q

What are mood-congruent psychotic features?

A

Manic themes of grandiosity, and invulnerability.

39
Q

How long must a season pattern be present to have bipolar diagnosed with a seasonal pattern specifier.

A

Two years.

40
Q

True or false. In order to meet the diagnostic criteria for bipolar I disorder one must have a manic episode.

A

True.

41
Q

What makes up an anxious distress bipolar presentation?

A

At least 2 of the following:

  • Feeling keyed up or tense
  • Feeling unusually restless
  • Difficulty concentrating because of worry
  • Fear that something awful may happen
  • Feeling that the individual might lose control of himself or herself.

Severity specifiers:

  • Mild: 2
  • Moderate: 3
  • Moderate-severe: 4-5
  • Severe: 4-5 with motor agitation
42
Q

What characteristics make up the specifier with rapid cycling?

A
  • The presence of at least 4 mood episodes in 12 months that meet criteria for a full manic, hypomanic, or major depressive episode
  • Episodes switch drastically from opposite polarity or have partial/full remission for 2 months.

Clinical Comp (12 decks)

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