Biopsychology- Endocrine system- TB Flashcards
What is the endocrine system?
A network of endocrine glands throughout the body that manufacture & secrete hormones
Where do the hormones get secreted 1) into & 2) from?
1) The bloodstream
2) Endocrine glands
What is the endocrine system controlled by?
Feedback, and signals from the hypothalamus to the pituitary gland
What are 6 main endocrine glands?
1) Pituitary
2) Adrenal
3) Testes
4) Ovaries
5) Thyroid
6) Pancreas
What is the pituitary gland also known as?
The master gland
What does the pituitary gland’s hormones do?
Hormones released by it control the secretions from other endocrine glands
How many parts does the pituitary gland have?
2
What are the two parts of the pituitary gland called and where are they?
1) Anterior (front)
2) Posterior (back)
What does the anterior part of the pituitary gland do?
Releases several hormones to target different parts of the body
What are 3 examples of hormones produced by the anterior as part of the pituitary?
1) ACTH- stress response & stimulates adrenal gland to produce cortisol
2) LH & FSH- control of reproductive functioning & sexual characteristics
What does the posterior part of the pituitary gland do?
Releases other hormones
What are 2 examples of hormones produced by the posterior part of the pituitary?
1) Oxytoxin- stimulates uterus contraction
2) ADH- regulates water balance
How many parts does the adrenal gland have?
2
What are the 2 parts of the adrenal gland called and what are they called?
1) Adrenal medulla (inner part)
2) Adrenal cortex (outer part)
What is the adrenal medulla (inner) responsible for?
Producing (nora)adrenaline into bloodstream, causing increased heart rate, blood flow, constriction of vessels
What is the adrenal cortex (outer) responsible for?
Releases glucocorticoid hormones
What are hormones?
Chemical messengers released by endocrine glands carried via bloodstream through body
What do hormones do?
Cause changes in cell activity- can have dramatic changes on behaviour & emotions
How fast are hormones?
Slow acting- effects last for some time
What is the journey of hormones?
Taken through bloodstream to target cells (cells with receptors for that hormone)
When does a physiological change in the target cell occur?
When enough receptor sites are stimulated by hormones
What is critical for normal functioning?
Levels and timing of release
How is the endocrine system regulated/controlled?
The hypothalamus
How does the hypothalamus control the endocrine system?
Secretes a releasing hormone to stimulate the pituitary gland to release stimulating hormones into the bloodstream, which stimulates other endocrine glands to (not) secrete their hormones too
What is the endocrine system also regulated by?
Negative feedback system
How does the negative feedback system regulate the endocrine system?
Increases in hormones are detected by hypothalamus & pituitary
Hypothalamus shuts down & pituitary decreases secretion of stimulating hormone resulting in stable concentration of hormones in bloodstream
