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Psychology > Biopsychology > Flashcards

Biopsychology Flashcards

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1
Q

Central Nervous System

A

consists of the brain and the spinal cord
Brain
involved in psychological processes and life functions
Spinal Cord
facilitates the transferral of messages to and from the brain to the PNS

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2
Q

Peripheral Nervous System **

A

trasmits messages to the whole body from the brain

has two divisions which are the SNS and ANS

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3
Q

Autonomic Nervous System ***

A

regulates body processes

has two divisions which are the SNS and the PNS

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4
Q

Somatic Nervous System

A

carries sensory information from sensory organs to the CNS and commands reflex actions

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5
Q

Sympathetic Nervous System

A

prepares the body for the fight or flight response

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6
Q

Parasympathetic Nervous System

A

calms the body and helps it to conserve energy

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7
Q

Hypothalmus **

A

controls basic functions like thirst, hunger and sexual behaviour
controls the pituitary gland

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8
Q

Sensory Neurons **

A

convey information about sensory stimuli towards the brain

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9
Q

Motor Neurons**

A

convey instructions for physical operations

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10
Q

Relay Neurons ***

A

connect different parts of the CNS

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11
Q

Thyroid Gland

A

releases the hormone Thyroxine which regulates metabolic rate and protein synthesis

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12
Q

Adrenal Medulla

A

releases the hormones Adrenaline and noradrenaline for the fight or flight response

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13
Q

Adrenal Cortex **

A

releases corticosteroids which release glucose and fats for energy and suppress the immune system

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14
Q

Testes

A

releases testosterone which deals with puberty and muscle mass

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15
Q

Ovaries

A

releases oestrogen and progesterone which deals with menstruation and pregnancy

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16
Q

Pineal Gland ***

A

releases melatonin which deals with the sleep-wake cycle

17
Q

Mortor Cortex ***

A

controls voluntary movements

18
Q

Functional magnetic resonance imaging

A

measures blood flow to brain sites when individuals are asked to perform cognitive or physical tasks

19
Q

Evaluation of fMRI

A

+ non-evasive technique

  • does not measure neural activity
  • may overlook interconnectivity between brain sites
20
Q

Electroencephalogram eeg

A

measures electrical activity in the brain using electrodes which are put on the scalp

21
Q

Evaluation of EEG

A

+ can monitor changes as a person switches from task to task
+ have medical applications in diagnosing disorders like epilepsy and Alzheimers

22
Q

Event-related potentials

A

measures small voltages of electrical activity when a stimulus is presented

23
Q

Evaluation of ERP

A

+ provide a continuous measure of neural activity in response to a stimulus
- only monitors electrical activity in outer layers so cannot reveal electrical activity in deeper brain sites

24
Q

Hindbrain

A

consists of pons, medulla and cerebellum
continuation of the spinal cord
composed of sensory and motor neurons
bridges brain to the cerebellum
controls all things we want to do without thinking about it

25
Q

Diencephalon

A

link between nervous system and endocrine system

consists of thalamus and hypothalamus

26
Q

Cerebral Hemispheres

A

consists of limbic system, basal ganglia and neo cortex/ cerebal cortex

27
Q

Sympathomedullary Pathway

A

deals with acute stressors such as a personal attack

hypothalamus activiates adrenal medulla which is part of the ANS which maintains homeostasis

28
Q

Hypothalamic Pituitary-Adrenal System

A

stressor activates hypothalamic pituitary axis
hypothalamus stimulates pituitary gland
pituitary gland secrets ACTH
ACTH stimulates adrenal glands to release cortisol
cortisol can supress the immune system and can release stored glucose for energy
adequate and steady blood sugar levels help person cope with prolonged stressor and returns body to normal

29
Q

Limbic System

A

part of the cerebal hemispheres

involved in learning, memory and emotions

30
Q

Basal Ganglia

A

part of the cerebal hemispheres

involved in motor activities and movement

31
Q

Neo cortex/cerebal cortex

A

part of the cerebal hemispheres

involved with planning, problem-solving, language, consciousness and personality

Psychology (9 decks)

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