Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Psychology > biopsychology > Flashcards

biopsychology Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards AP® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

what is brain plasticity?

A

ability of the brain to Mould and change throughout life through experience and learning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what occurs to our neurons as we grow older what is this known as?

A

we delete rarely used connections and strengthen frequently used ones ‘synaptic pruning’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

describe draganskis research into brain plasticity. hint: medical students

A

scanned the brains of medical students pre and post exams, found learning induced structural changes in the posterior hippocampus and parietal cortex due to revising

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is brain trauma?

A

external force traumatically injures the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is functional recovery?

A

healthy parts of the brain can compensate for the damaged parts and take over functions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is spontaneous recovery?

A

functional recovery takes place straight after brain trauma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are the 3 things that occur during recovery?

A

-axonal sprouting
-recruitment of homologous areas
- reformation of blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

during recovery what is axonal sprouting?

A

new nerve endings grow connecting with other undamaged nerve cells to form new neural pathways

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

during recovery what is recruitment of homologous areas?

A

similar areas on the opposite side of the brain are drafted in to performing specific tasks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

during recovery what is reformation of blood vessels?

A

there is an increase in blood flow through internal arteries in the brain, decreasing the amount of damage of function in the frontal lobes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

describe this one strength of brain plasticity and functional recovery: animal studies

A

Rs supports neural plasticity. wiesel sewed one eye of a kitten shut+analysed its cortical response. found: visual cortex was still active receiving+processing info from the other eye.=compensatory activity in the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

describe this limitation of brain plasticity and functional recovery: negative consequences

A

maladaptive/negative consequences of brain rewiring itself. 60-80% of amputees=known to develop phantom limb syndrome( continued sensation in missing limb)=unpleasant/painful sensations thought to be from cortical reorganisation in the somatosensory area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is a biological rhythm?

A

a distinct pattern of biological change, conforming to cyclical time periods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what are biological rhythms influenced by?

A

our internal body clocks (endogenous pacemakers)
external influences (exogenous zeitgebers)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is a circadian rhythm?

A

a biological rhythm that lasts 24 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what are the two circadian rhythms?

A

-sleep/wake cycle
- core body temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is the sleep wake cycle governed by?

A

EP- free running body clock
EZ- daylight

18
Q

in the absence of EZ how long does our sleep wake cycle last?

A

24-25 hours

19
Q

describe the RS into the sleep/wake cycle- cavers

A

caver spent extended periods underground in caves in the alpes,texas deprived on natural light+time

20
Q

what were the findings from the cavers RS into circadian rhythms?what do these findings show about the sleep/wake cycle?

A

when the caver emerged, he was asked the date and he thought he was down there for 45 days when he was down for 60 days, showing that sleep/wake cycle is just longer then 24 hours but is entrained by EZ

21
Q

when is the core body temperature the lowest?

A

4.30pm (26)

22
Q

when is core body temperature the highest?

A

6pm (38)

23
Q

what is one limitation of circadian rhythms- hint: individual diffferences

A

individual differences-cycle lenghts can vary 13-65hours, as well as, morning people rise early and go bed early, evening people wake up later and go bed late, there is also age differences, therefore findings cant be generalised

24
Q

give on strength of circadian rhythms- hint: RL application

A

in drug treatment, timing can affect them, to be most effective drugs must be released at optimal time. the risk of a heart attack is highest in the morning. this has prompted the development of drug development treatments that deliver the drug into the bloodstream at this time. RS into CR=medical benefits

25
Q

What is the nervous system?

A

Specialist network of cells in the human body and is our primary internal communication system

26
Q

What are the 2 main functions of the nervous system?

A
  1. Colllect, process and respond to information in the environment
  2. Co-ordinate the working of different organs and cells in the body
27
Q

What are the two sub systems of the nervous system?

A
  • central nervous system
  • peripheral nervous system
28
Q

In the CNS what is the brain?

A

Centre of all conscience awareness e.g cerebral cortex is highly developed and is responsible for mental functions

29
Q

What is the purpose of the CNS?

A

Transfer messages to and from the brain and connects the nerves to the PNS

30
Q

What is the function of the endocrine system?

A

Works along the nervous system to control vital functions in the body. It instructs glands to release hormones to target organs through the bloodstream affecting the cell which has the receptor for that particular hormone

31
Q

What are 5 main glands?

A
  • hypothalamus
    -pituitary gland
  • thyroid
    -adrenal
    -pancreas
32
Q

During fight or flight what triggers activity in the sympathetic state in the ANS?

A

Hypothalamus

33
Q

What is adrenaline released from?

A

Adrenal medulla

34
Q

what are the brains 3 sections?

A

cerebrum
limbic system
central core

35
Q

whats in the frontal lobe?

A

motor area

36
Q

whats in the parietal lobe?

A

samotosensory area

37
Q

whats in the occipital lobe?

A

visual cortex

38
Q

whats in the tmeproal lobe?

A

audiotory area

39
Q

eval for localisation: brain scan evidence

A

petersen: brain scan s demonstared wernickes area=active during reading task, brocas during learning.+tulving et all- types of LTM

40
Q

eval 4 localisation: neurosurgical evidence

A

surgical removal- control behav=lobotomy-aggressive, still used for OCD+depression. 44 pateionts undegone cingulatory. post surgical follow up 32 weeks 1/3 had met successful response criteria

41
Q

eval 4 localisation: case study evidence

A

phineas gage-p9rtion of frontal lobe.change in temperament-frontal lobe responsible 4 reg mood

Psychology (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions