Biopsychology Flashcards
Outline a circadian rhythm.(4)
1.lasts around 24 h
2.sleep wake cycle
3.endogenous pacemaker of SCN, our eyes detect a change in light , as it gets dark, retina receives less light
4.stimulates SCN to activate pineal gland - melatonin
5.as our eyes detect light again SCN RESETS and maintain sleep wake cycle until 24 h , sync with world.
Evaluate a circadian rhythm to support it lasts 24 h. Siffre.
RTS MP last 24 h conducted by Siffre.
-isolated himself in a cave for 6 months, no exogenous z as light/clock
-developed a consistent 25 h cycle and a regular sleep schedule
-thus supports the sleep wake cycle is a circadian rhythm which is controlled by the endo. SCN rathe than exogenous and it maintained his sleep wake cycle to 25 h.
MOREOVER… increased sleep wake cycle , therefore exogenous z are also important into maintaining the BP
Evaluate a circadian rhythm to support it lasts 24 h. Siffre LIMITATION
-RTS by siffre has low pop validity
-one case study- difficult to gen findings of MP to target population
due to individual diff and in MP
E.G: ppl MP may be slower and easier influenced by exogenous z
and siffre found his own MP to be slower
-reducing ext validity
Evaluate a circadian rhythm to support it lasts 24 h . replication
-RTS by siffr4e as been replicated over 400 times in a bunker
-follow 25 h sleep wake cycle if it was left to be running
-supporting siffre research that SCN maintains MP around 24 hours.
- siffre research has good ext validity, good reliability.
infradian rhythms . INTRO + AO1
1.lasts longer than 24 hours and menstrual cycle
2.endogenous system , begins on a woman’s period , womb lining is shed
3.pituitary gland releases FSH, activates release of oestrogen and ovaries to mature an egg
4.increase in oestrogen levels, increase LH , promote the release of an egg
5.develops the lining of the womb and progestorene grows it thicker
6. if no pregnancy, the egg is absorbed , the womb lining sheds and starts again
7.MC = endogenous but can be affected by external zeitgebers as stress and pheromones.
RTS the infradian rhythm of MC are controlled by endogenous pacemakers..
-RTS MP of BP
-women wear asked to wear a cotton pad under their arm, rubbed on the lips of 5 sexually inactive women ,repeated daily for 5 months.
-4/5 developed a BP sync with one day of donor cycle
-infradian rhythms can be affected by exog factors influencing length of time of BP
RTS infradian rhythms lacks …
-field exp
-natural environment
-low control over extraneous variables, such as stress and sleep affect BP
-difficult to establish cause and effect between influence of pheromones and maintaining BP
-reducing IV of research
RTS into Menstrual cycle has high..
lenght of MP
-ecological validity
-natural field environment, monitoring their own BP, js had to put pads on their lips
-easier to generalise the findings of pheromones on menstrual cycle on real life settings as the individuals are more likely to be in
-increase ext validitytheir natural rhythm of menstrual cycle, measuring lenght of cycle accurately
Ultradian rhythm . Outline the MP intro.(3)
-MP = stages of sleep. lasts less than 24 h
-lasts 90 mins each stage and 5 stages and alternates between REM and NREM
- stages of sleep are 1-2 light sleep
-3-4 - deep
-stage 5 (REM)
Outline stages of sleep related to brain activity.
-Stage number
-type of wave
-describe
Stage 1-2 : light sleep, easily woken
-stage 1: experience alpha waves
-2: alpha +random changes in patterns , spindles(high freq to prevent from awakening)
Stage 3-4: brain waves are delta waves lower freq and higher amplitude , hard to awake
Stage 5: REM- body paralysed,
-resembles activity of awake brain,
-theta waves and eyes move around (REM)
-experience dreams
AO3 : Stages of sleep are measured using EEG to measure brain activity. Strenght?
-uses scientific methods
-empirical and obj as EEG and control lab exp to measure brain activity
-scientifically measure 5 stages of sleep, lenght, how many times the rhythm occurs, while excluding extran variable
-INCREASING IV PSYCH status
AO3: lab experiment limitations?
lenght of MP.
-Low eco val
-artificial setting
-diff to generalise to how MP works in real life settings
-not reflect genuine sleep patterns due to unfamiliar surroundings affecting the lenght of MP
-EXT VAL
AND
-high control over extraneous variables
-lab exp , variables as stress and diet do not influence the stages of sleep
-easier to establish cause and effect between brain activity and MP
-increasing IV
Essay structure for the effect of endogenous pacemakers and exogenous on sleep wake cycle.(16) (into maintaing our sleep wake cycle to..)
Ao1- intro define and help maintain our BRYTHMS
AO1- circadian rhythm
And exogenous such as light and clock , jet lag, night shift, resets SCN
-leading to distruption in our cycle
AO3- SIFFRE
AO3- lacks eco val
AO3- replicated
AO2 questions about endo and exo influences.
Write EP and function
EZ affect the sleep wake cycle
-link to distruption ,poor ability to sleep
Outline split brain research. (6 with intro)
supports lateralisation.
-patients whom had CC removed and the connection between LH and RH severed
-contralateral wiring
M-natural exp
P-ppts had to sit on a screen and gaze at a specific point
-ppts were presented with visual info at their RVF or LVF for 1/10th so they could not move their eyes
-RVS= name LVF=draw
F= image on their RVF could be named verbally and identified through pointing but LVF only point
C-brain is lateralised , each hemisphere responsible for diff functions
