Biopsychology

Question 1

Localisation of Function

Answer 1

Different areas of the brain that are responsible for different behaviours/ processes/ activities

Question 2

Motor Area

Answer 2

Frontal lobe, involved in regulating movement

Question 3

Somatosensory area

Answer 3

Parietal lobe, processes sensory info such as touch

Question 4

Visual Area

Answer 4

Occipital lobe, receive/ processes visuals

Question 5

Auditory Area

Answer 5

Temporal Lobe, analyses speech-based info

Question 6

Language Area

Answer 6

Broca’s Area, frontal lobe in left hemisphere - speech production

Wernicke’s Area, temporal lobe in left hemisphere - language comprehension

Question 7

CNS

Answer 7

brain, spinal cord

Question 8

Nervous system definition

Answer 8

specialised network of cells in the body

Question 9

Spinal cord use

Answer 9

reflexes

Question 10

PNS

Answer 10

messages to and from CNS via neurones

Question 11

Autonomic NS

Answer 11

Virtual functions - breathing / heart rate

Question 12

Somatic NS

Answer 12

Control muscle movement

Gather information from sensory receptors

Question 13

Endocrine system

Answer 13

Instruct glads to release hormones into bloodstream

Question 14

Fight or flight

Answer 14

Endocrine system release adrenaline

Autonomic moves from resting parasympathetic state to aroused state

Aroused state = sympathetic

Parasympathetic NS reduces panic/ H.R

Question 15

Characteristics of the Sympathetic NS

Answer 15

High heart right
increased breathing
Dilated pupils
increased saliva

Question 16

Characteristics of the Parasympathetic NS

Answer 16

low HR
decreased breathing rate
Contracted pupils

Question 17

Thyroid gland

Answer 17

Hormone- thyroxine increases heart rate

Question 18

Hormone definition

Answer 18

Chemical substance affecting any cells in body with the receptors

Question 19

Pituitary Gland

Answer 19

‘Master gland’

Controls hormones

Question 20

Adrenal gland

Answer 20

Affects cardiovascular system

Stress response- adrenaline

Question 21

Neurone types

Answer 21

sensory
relay
motor

Question 22

Sensory neurone

Answer 22

Carries messages from PNS to CNS

Long dendrites

Short Axon

Question 23

Relay Neuron

Answer 23

Connects all neurones together

Short dendrites and axons

Question 24

Motor Neuron

Answer 24

Connects CNS to effectors such as muscles or glands

Short dendrites

Long axons

Question 25

Parts of a neurone

Answer 25

Cell body - contain nucleus / DNA Axon- long and carries impulses away Myelin sheath- covers and protects axon Nodes of Ranvier- speed up transmission Terminal Button- communicates with other neuones

Question 26

Summation

Answer 26

nerve cell receives inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmitter at the same time - net result of summation more excitory - the cell fires at a high, positive rate more inhibitory- not likely to fire / weak signal

Question 27

Excitation

Answer 27

Increases positive charge on post synaptic neurone, increases the likelihood of the neurone firing E.G: adrenaline

Question 28

Inhibition

Answer 28

Increases negative charge on post synaptic neurone- decreases the likelihood of the cell firing E.G: serotonin

Question 29

Motor area

Answer 29

Frontal lobe Voluntary movements Both sides of brain

Question 30

Somatosensory area

Answer 30

Parietal lobes Sensory info from skin pressure, pain, temperature Both sides of brain

Question 31

Visual Area

Answer 31

Occipital lobe receive and process visual info Both sides of brain

Question 32

Auditory area

Answer 32

Temporal lobe analyse and process acoustic info both sides

Question 33

Broca’s area

Answer 33

language production only on left side- lateralised

Question 34

Wernicks area

Answer 34

Language comprehension Only left side

Question 35

Lateralisation

Answer 35

right controls left and left controls right where areas are located

Question 36

Cerebral cortex

Answer 36

Protects the hemispheres subdivisions

Question 37

What are the lobes of the brain

Answer 37

frontal parietal occipital temporal

Question 38

Frontal lobe

Answer 38

movement concentration personality

Question 39

Temporal lobe

Answer 39

hearing language memory

Question 40

parietal lobe

Answer 40

sensations body awareness perception attention

Question 41

occipital lobe

Answer 41

vision perception

Question 42

supporting evidence for localisation of function

Answer 42

study and brain scans peterson et al. broca’s area during reading task wernicks area during listening task