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Senior Psych Exam > Biopsych > Flashcards

Biopsych Flashcards

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1
Q

Frontal Lobe (Cerebral Cortex)

A

Higher cognitive functioning, problem solving

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2
Q

Temporal Lobe (Cerebral Cortex)

A

Auditory info, memory

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3
Q

Occipital Lobe (Cerebral Cortex)

A

Visual info

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4
Q

Parietal Lobe (Cerebral Cortex)

A

Somatosensory cortex

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5
Q

Longitudinal Fissure

A

Cuts down the middle

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6
Q

Lateral Fissure

A

Cuts between temporal and frontal/parietal

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7
Q

Central Fissure

A

Cuts between frontal and parietal lobes

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8
Q

Basal Ganglia

A

Made up of the caudate and putamen

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9
Q

Thalamus

A

Receives sensory info from brain areas, projects info to cortex

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10
Q

Pons (Brain Stem)

A

Creates bulge on ventral surface

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11
Q

Medulla (Brain Stem)

A

Carries signals between brain and body

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12
Q

Reticular Formation (Brain Stem)

A

Occupies central core of brain stem

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13
Q

Cerebellum (Brain Stem)

A

Sensorimotor structure

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14
Q

Central Nervous System

A

Brain and spinal cord

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15
Q

Peripheral Nervous System

A

Somatic Nervous System: Voluntary control of body movements, afferent and efferent nerves
Autonomic Nervous System: Involuntary, internal organs (heart, stomach, lungs)

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16
Q

Endocrine Glands

A

Ductless glands that release hormones directly into the circulatory system

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17
Q

Gonads

A

Male testes, female ovaries

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18
Q

Androgens (Sex Steroids; Gonadal Hormones)

A

Testosterone

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19
Q

Estrogens

A

Estradiol

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20
Q

Pituitary Gland

A

Mastery gland, controlled by hypothalamus

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21
Q

Epinephrine

A

Adrenaline, found primarily through the entire body

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22
Q

Norepinephrine

A

Noradrenaline, primarily in the brain

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23
Q

Cortisol

A

Collective term for glucocorticoid hormones, prepares body for action, regulates blood pressure, muscle strength, etc

24
Q

Oxytocin

A

“Love hormone,” plays a role in relationships, bonding, released via hypothalamus

25
Q

Neural Plate

A

Forms 3 weeks after conception

26
Q

Stem Cells

A

Make up neural plate, have unlimited capacity for self-renewal and are pluripotent (can develop into many classes of body cells)

27
Q

Prenatal Development

A

Neural plate -> Neural groove -> Neural tube

28
Q

Neural Tube

A

Forebrain, Midbrain, Hindbrain

29
Q

Postnatal Development

A

Development dependent on myelination, dendritic branching, and synaptogenesis
Prefrontal cortex is the last to develop

30
Q

Broca’s Aphasia

A

Normal comprehension of language but poorly articulated speech

31
Q

Wernicke’s Aphasia

A

Speech is normal, but can’t comprehend language

32
Q

6 Primary Facial Expressions

A

Anger, disgust, happiness, fear, sadness, surprise

33
Q

Limbic System

A

Amygdala, mammillary body, hippocampus, fornix, cingulate gyrus, septum, olfactory bulb, hypothalamus

34
Q

Facial Feedback Hypothesis

A

The idea that our facial expressions influence our emotional experience

35
Q

Acute Stressors

A

Brief duration, improves immune function

36
Q

Chronic Stressors

A

Long lasting, negatively affects immune system

37
Q

Dopamine

A

Turns motivation into action, plays a big role in the control of body movements

38
Q

Seratonin

A

Helps inhibit actions

39
Q

Glutamate

A

Most prevalent excitatory neurotransmitter

40
Q

GABA

A

Most prevalent inhibitory neurotransmitter

41
Q

Small Molecule Neurotransmitters

A

Amino acids, monoamines, acetylcholine

42
Q

Large Molecule Neurotransmitters

A

Neuropeptides

43
Q

Parkinsons

A

Dopamine deficiency in basal ganglia, tremors in one side of the body, poor posture

44
Q

Huntingtons

A

Mutation in the Huntington gene, slow loss of muscle control and presentation of psychiatric symptoms

45
Q

Multiple Sclerosis

A

Attacks the myelin of axons in the CNS

46
Q

Alzheimers

A

Neurofibrillary tangles, amyloid plaques, and neuron loss

47
Q

Inferotemporal Cortex

A

Visual input

48
Q

Amygdala

A

Emotion

49
Q

Prefrontal Cortex

A

Working memory

50
Q

Cerebellum

A

Learned sensorimotor skills

51
Q

Striatum

A

Habit formation

52
Q

fMRI

A

Functional magnetic resonance imaging, monitors magnetic pulses generated by oxygen in the blood to create a map. Measures BOLD (blood oxygen level dependent) signal

53
Q

EEG

A

Electroencephalography, electrodes placed on the scalp that picks up electric currents generated by brain activity

54
Q

TMS

A

Transcranial magnetic stimulation, uses magnetic fields to temporarily “knock out” parts of the brain

55
Q

PET

A

Positron emission tomography, harmless radioactive tracers injected into the bloodstream to create a map of brain activity , monitors blood flow and is able to tell which areas are most active based on amount of blood needed

56
Q

MEG

A

Magnetoencephalography, similar to EEG, but with magnetic currents as opposed to electric. Both are good at determining when the brain is active, but not specifically where

Senior Psych Exam (6 decks)

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