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Organic Chemistry > Biomolecules(New) > Flashcards

Biomolecules(New) Flashcards

1
Q

sucrose is a monosaccharide or a disaccharide?

and is it reducing or nonreducing?

A

disaccharide

non-reducing

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2
Q

Why is sucrose also called invert sugar

A

hydrolysis of sucrose brings about a change in the sign of rotation from + to - and hence the product is named as invert sugar

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3
Q

Eg of fibrous proteins

A

keratin
collagen
myosin

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4
Q

which compound has beta-C1-C4 glycosidic linkage?

A

lactose

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5
Q

sucrose structure and in between which compounds is the glycosidic bond?1

A

the bond is between the C1 of alpha glucose and C2 of beta fructose

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6
Q

what should be the approach if we are given a peptide compound of amino acids and we have t find the number of charges in a particular medium?

A

form the structure and if its a basic medium, take off all the possible acidic H and vice versa if acidic medium

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7
Q

uracil structure

A
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8
Q

adenine structure

A
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9
Q

guanine structure

A
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10
Q

cytosine structure

A
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11
Q

thymine structure

A
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12
Q

What’s a water-soluble protein!?

A

albumin

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13
Q

thiamine is which vitamin?

A

vitamin B1

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14
Q

whats the other name for vitamin B6

A

pyridoxine

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15
Q

whats the other name for vitamin B12

A

cobalamin

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16
Q

vitamin B2 other name

A

riboflavin

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17
Q

vitamin B2 other name

A

riboflavin

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18
Q

What’s rhumann’s purple and what’s the structure?!

A

rhumann’s purple is the compound formed in the reaction of ninhydrin with proteins

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19
Q

which linkage makes cellulose polymer

A

beta-glycosidic linkage makes cellulose polymer

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20
Q

deficiency of vitamin K causes

A

increase in blood clotting time

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21
Q

fructose is reducing or nonreducing?

A

reducing

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22
Q

glucose is reducing or non-reducing?

A

reducing

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23
Q

fructose is an example of heptose/aldohexose/ketohexose/pyranose

A

ketohexose

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24
Q

whats the enzyme?

A

zymase

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25
Q

whats the enzyme?

A

invertase

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26
Q

the secondary structure of a protein is stabilized by ?!

A

hydrogen bonding

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27
Q

which pairs of vitamins are stored in our body relatively for longer duration?

A

vitamin A and D

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28
Q

what are the number of chiral centers present in sucrose?

A

9

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29
Q

What are the functional groups present in the structure of maltose?

A

One acetal and one hemiacetal

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30
Q
A
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31
Q

why does glucose doesn’t give schiffs test?

A

glucose exits in cyclic form in which aldehyde grp isn’t free and hence does not give Schiff’s test

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32
Q

deficiency of vitamin A causes?!

A

night blindness, xerophthalmia

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33
Q

deficiency of vitamin E causes?!

A

fragility of RBC, muscular weakness

34
Q

deficiency of vitamin D causes?!

A

Rickets and Osteomalacia

35
Q

deficiency of vitamin K causes?!

A

increased blood clotting time

36
Q

deficiency of vitamin B1 causes?!

37
Q

deficiency of vitamin B2 causes?!

A

digestive disorders, cheilosis

38
Q

deficiency of vitamin B6 causes?!

A

convulsions

39
Q

deficiency of vitamin B12 causes?!

40
Q

deficiency of vitamin C causes?!

41
Q

glucose and galactose differ at which position?

42
Q

which is the most basic amino acid?

43
Q

RNA has _______ structure

A

single helix structure

44
Q

DNA has ______ structure

A

double helix structure

45
Q

stability of oxides of halogens?

45
Q

what is present in animal cells?

46
Q

in which molecule are only alpha linkages present?

46
Q

structure of glycogen is similar to?

A

amylopectin

47
Q

amylopectin is composed of?

and what abt the linkages? they are between which Carbon number atoms?

A

B-D-glucose

C1-C4 and C1-C6 linkages

48
Q

RNA is composed of?

A

uracil

guanine

adenine

cytosine

49
Q

whats DNA composed of?

A

guanine

cytosine

adenine

thymine

DNA-GCAT

50
Q

pKa order of amino acids

Gly,Asp.Lys,Arg

51
Q

lactose structure and it is made up of ?

and what of them are reducing?!

and between what is the bond linkage?

A

its made up of beta galactose and beta glucose

glucose is the reducing one

galactose in reducing

the linkage is between 1 and 4 carbon

52
Q

sucrose structure?

and what is it made up of ?

and are sucrose reducing and why?

in between which C atoms is the linkage

A

made up of alpha glucose and beta fructose

they are non-reducing due to the glycosidic linkage

between C1 and C2

53
Q

structure of sucrose

54
Q

structure of maltose

55
Q

what are reducing and non reducing sugars

56
Q

what does starch consists of?

and what is in more amount

A

amylose and amylopectin

amylopectin is in more amount

57
Q

which is soluble in water?

amylopectin or amylose

A

amylose is soluble in water

58
Q

amylose structure

59
Q

amylopectin structure

60
Q

esssential amino acids list

61
Q

list of amino acids containing N in it

62
Q

list of amino acids

asur kahani

63
Q

list of amino acids

scientist kahani

64
Q

list of amino acids

rani story gale mai dard

65
Q

what does the R stand for in the structure of the amino acid

65
Q

how are acids are joined through in the primary structure

A

they are joined thorough peptide linkages

66
Q

how does the amino acids joins with other amino acids

67
Q

what are proteins?!

A

proteins are the polymers of alpha-amino acids and they are connected to each other by peptide bond or peptide

68
Q

how are the acids arranged in alpha-helix and beta-pleated secondary structure

A

arranged by H bonds

69
Q

how are 3D structure and fibrous proteins held together?

A

H bonds and disulphide bonds

70
Q

are fibrous proteins soluble in water?

71
Q

whats polynucleotides?

72
Q

Barfoed’s Test concept

A

This test is used for distinguishing monosaccharides from reducing disaccharides. Monosaccharides usually react in about 1 - 2 min while the reducing disaccharides take a much longer time between 7 - 12 min to get hydrolyzed and then react with the reagent. Brick red color is obtained in this test which is due to the formation of cuprous oxide.

not given by sucrose,lactose,maltose etc
given by fructose and glucose

72
Q

SELIWANOFF’S TEST concept

A

This test is used to distinguish aldoses from ketoses. Ketoses undergo dehydration to give furfural derivatives, which then condense with resorcinol to form a red complex. Prolonged heating will hydrolyze disaccharides and other monosaccharides will also eventually give color.

like it can separate glucose(aldse) and fructose(ketose)

73
Q

Fehling’s Test

A

Fehling’s test is specific and highly sensitive for the detection of reducing sugars. Formation of yellow or red ppt of cuprous oxide denotes the presence of reducing sugars

74
Q

Benedict’s test

A

Benedict’s test is more convenient and this reagent in more stable. In this method sodium citrate functions as a chelating agent. Presence of reducing sugars results in the formation of red ppt of cuprous oxide.

75
Q

Xanthoproteic test

A

This test is used for aromatic amino acids which give positive results
from other amino acids. Such tyrosine and tryptophan react with
Xanthoproteic test, phenylalanine does not respond with this test.

76
Q

Xanthoproteic test concept

A

it is for amino acids with aromatic grp in it

like tyrosine

77
Q

structure of

proline
phenylalanine
threonine

Organic Chemistry (10 decks)

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