Biomolecules

Question 1

Biomolecules

Answer 1

carbon based organic molecules

Question 2

Functional groups

Answer 2

determine chemical properties and are attached to carbon skeletons

Question 3

four major groups of biomolecules - biopolymer

Answer 3

1. Carbohydrates
2. Lipids
3. Proteins
4. Nucleic Acids

Question 4

4 types of monomers (building blocks)

Answer 4

1. Fatty acid
2. Monosaccaride
3. Nucleotide
4. Amino acids

Question 5

biopolymers w/ their monomers

Answer 5

1. lipids - fatty acids
2. carbohydrates - monosaccaride
3. nucleic acids - nucleotide
4. proteins - amino acids

Question 6

Carbohydrates

Answer 6

• organic molecules (c,h,o,) that are linked together form simple sugars
  1. immediate source of energy
  2. important part of DNA
  3. provides shape to certain cells (cellulose)

Question 7

dehydration synthesis

Answer 7

bonds formed by the removal of water between sugar

Question 8

Hydrolysis

Answer 8

breaking bonds by inserting water

Question 9

lipids

Answer 9

1. large non polar molecules that don’t easily dissolve in water.
2. important source of energy
3. good insulin
4. provide cushion for organ
5. retain large amounts of water

Question 10

three types of lipids

Answer 10

1. true fats
2. steroids
3. phospholipids

Question 11

phospolipids

Answer 11

• resemble fats but posses a phosphate group

- mayor component of cell membranes targeted by certain toxins

Question 12

anything that ends in ase =

Answer 12

enzyme

Question 13

necrosis

Answer 13

death of tissue

Question 14

steriods

Answer 14

• lipids estrogen and testosterone

- complex rings of carbon often serve as hormones that aid and regulating body processes hormones like egg and sperm

Question 15

cholesterol

Answer 15

1. get it from genetic and dietary
2. component of cell membranes
3. helps in vitamin D production
4. produced by liver and we consume it from meat and dairy products

Question 16

proteins

Answer 16

1. made in ribosome. it is made by connecting amino acids joined 2gether by a long polypeptide chain.
2. Acts as a chemical messenger
3. provides movement (muscle fibers)

Question 17

protein function is based on _____

Answer 17

shape

Question 18

hemoglobin

Answer 18

RBC that carry proteins

Question 19

nucleic acids

Answer 19

1. complex molecules that store and transfer information such as DNA and RNA
2. formed from units called nucleotides

Question 20

nitrogenous bases

Answer 20

1. adenine
2. guanine
   3 thymine.
3. cytosine
4. uracil

Question 21

base paring rule for DNA and RNA

Answer 21

DNA : A-T C-G

RNA: A-U C-G

Question 22

HOW MANY PAIRS OF CHROMOSOMES ARE INSIDE A NUCLEUS OF A CELL

Answer 22

23

Question 23

CHROMOSOME

Answer 23

WOUND UP DNA

Question 24

complex carbohydrate

Answer 24

simple sugars that can combine with one another

ex: cellulose and glycogen

Question 25

2 places where glycogen is stored | ** glycogen is sugars clumped together**

Answer 25

stored in liver and skeletal muscle

Question 26

true neutral fats

Answer 26

basically composed of a glycerol group and fatty acids

Question 27

all fats can be lipids but ....

Answer 27

not all lipids can be fats