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Biology > Biomolecules > Flashcards

Biomolecules Flashcards

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1
Q

What do mitochondria do for the body?

A

Provide energy to the body by producing ATP, supporting cell function, growth, and repair, while also regulating metabolism and cell death.

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2
Q

Which biomolecule do mitochondria break down in our body?

A

Carbohydrates (glucose), and lipids (fatty acids)

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3
Q

What is a Monomer?

A

A small, simple molecule that can be bonded to other identified monomers to form a polymer

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4
Q

What is a polymer?

A

Large, complex molecule made up of monomers

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5
Q

What is the difference between monosaccharides and polysaccharides?

A

Monosaccharides are simple, single sugar molecules, while polysaccharides are long chains of monosaccharides linked together.

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6
Q

What are carbohydrates made out of?

A

Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen (CHO)

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7
Q

What is the function of a carbohydrate?

A

Storage of short term, quick energy

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8
Q

What foods contain carbohydrates

A

Fruits, veggies, sugars, and bread

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9
Q

Examples of carbohydrates

A

Starch, cellulose, sugar

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10
Q

What is the monomer of a carbohydrate

A

Monosaccharide

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11
Q

What is the general shape of a carbohydrate

A

A carbon ring

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12
Q

What is the polymer of a carbohydrate

A

Polysaccharide

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13
Q

What are lipids made out of?

A

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen (CHO)

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14
Q

What is the function of a lipid?

A

Long term energy storage, insulation, and protection

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15
Q

What foods contain lipids

A

Butters, oils, lard

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16
Q

Examples of lipids

A

Fats, oils, wax

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17
Q

What is the monomer of a lipid

A

Fatty acid

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18
Q

What is the general structure of a lipid

A

Chains of fatty acids

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19
Q

What is the polymer of a lipid

A

Not one specific one :(

20
Q

Amino acid has what polymer

A

Polypeptide

21
Q

Monosaccharides have what polymer

A

Polysaccharides

22
Q

Nucleotide has what polymer

A

Nucleic acid

23
Q

One of the most important functions of lipids in the cell is in the what

A

Cell membrane

24
Q

Saturated lipids

A

Have the maximum number of hydrogen atoms bonded, solid at room temperature, fatty acids and tails are straight

25
Q

Unsaturated lipids

A

Have one or more carbon double bonds between carbon atoms, liquid at room temperature, fatty acids and tails are bent

26
Q

Mitochondria create energy for the cell by breaking down what to create atp

A

Sugar

27
Q

Prokaryotic Cell

A

Has no membrane bound nucleus

28
Q

Eukaryotic Cell

A

Has a membrane bound nucleus and organelles

29
Q

True or false, eukaryotic cells make up multicellular organisms

A

True

30
Q

What is the organelle that holds all of the genetic information

A

The nucleus

31
Q

What organelle helps maintain the shape and organization of a eukaryotic cells

A

Cytoskeleton

32
Q

What are proteins made out of

A

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen (CHON)

33
Q

What are the functions of proteins

A

Builds cells, transports, speeds up reactions

34
Q

What food contains proteins

A

Beans, meat, eggs

35
Q

Examples of proteins

A

Enzyme, keratin, collagen

36
Q

What is the monomer of proteins

A

Amino acids

37
Q

What is the polymer of proteins

A

Polypeptide

38
Q

What is the structure of a protein

A

H H O
| | ||
N- C- C
| | |
H R OH

39
Q

What are nucleic acids made of

A

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen phosphorus (CHONP)

40
Q

What is the function of nucleic acids

A

Carries genetic information

41
Q

Source of nucleic acids

A

Born with ur in all cells, inherited from parents

42
Q

Examples of nucleic acids

A

DNA and RNA

43
Q

Monomer of a nucleic acid

A

Nucleotide

44
Q

Polymer of a nucleic acid

A

Nucleic acid

45
Q

Basic shape of a nucleic acid

A

DNA type shit

Biology (6 decks)

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