Biomechanics (linear and angular concepts) Flashcards
what is motion?
Motion is the change in an object’s position over time
what is linear motion?
Linear motion is the movement of an object in a straight line, with all parts of the object moving in the same direction
what is angular motion?
Angular motion is the movement of an object around a central point or axis
what is inertia?
Inertia is an objects resistance to change, meaning an object at rest will stay at rest, and an object in motion will stay in motion unless acted upon by an external force.
what is force?
Force is a push or pull that can cause an object to change its motion, shape, or direction.
Force= Mass x Acceleration
what is distance?
the length of space between two points
what is displacement?
Displacement is the distance between an object’s starting and ending points
what is speed?
Speed is the rate at which an object moves
Speed= Distance / Time
what is velocity?
Velocity is the rate at which an object changes its position
Velocity = Displacement / Time
what is momentum?
Momentum is the quantity of motion an object has. An object with greater mass or moving at a higher speed will have more momentum (e.g., a fast-moving rugby player is harder to stop than a slow-moving one).
Momentum is the product of an object’s mass and velocity.
Momentum = Mass x Velocity
what is conservation of momentum?
the momentum before a collision or interaction is equal to the momentum after
what is force summation?
Force summation is the process of combining forces generated by different body parts in a sequence, from the largest to the smallest body parts, to maximize the effectiveness of the force applied (e.g., in a soccer kick, the force is generated from the legs, hips, torso, and arms in a coordinated sequence).
what is impulse?
Impulse is the change in an object’s momentum
Impulse = force x time
what are momentum breakers?
Momentum breakers are forces or actions that reduce or stop an object’s momentum.
what are momentum makers?
Momentum makers are forces or actions that increase an object’s momentum by applying force.
what is angular velocity?
Angular velocity is the rate at which an object rotates around a central point or axis, It indicates how quickly an object is spinning or rotating.
what is angular momentum?
Angular momentum is the quantity of rotation an object has
Angular momentum = moment of inertia x angular velocity
what is the moment of inertia?
a measure of an objects resistance to change in its rate of rotation
how to increase moment of inertia?
To increase the moment of inertia, you can:
Increase the mass of the object (e.g., adding weight to a rotating wheel).
Move the mass further from the axis of rotation (e.g., a figure skater extending their arms during a spin).
how to decrease moment of inertia?
To decrease the moment of inertia, you can:
Decrease the mass of the object (e.g., removing weight from a rotating wheel).
Move the mass closer to the axis of rotation (e.g., a figure skater pulling their arms in while spinning).
