Biomechanics And Kinesiology - The Shoulder Complex

Question 1

Bones of shoulder complex

Answer 1

• clavicle
• scapula
• humerus

Question 2

Joints of the shoulder complex

Answer 2

• glenohumeral joint
• acromioclavicle joint
• sternoclavicular joint
• scapulothoracic joint

Question 3

Rotator cuff muscles

Answer 3

• supraspinatus
• infraspinatus
• teres minor
• subscapularis

Question 4

Anterior deltoid

Answer 4

O - lateral end of clavicle

I - deltoid tuberosity

A - flexion of the arm at GH joint

Question 5

Lateral deltoid

Answer 5

O - lateral acromion

I - deltoid tuberosity

A - abducts the arm at GH joint

Question 6

Posterior deltoid

Answer 6

O - inferior aspect of spine of scapula

I - deltoid tuberosity

A - extension of the arm at GH joint

Question 7

Supraspinatus

Answer 7

O - suprespinas fossa

I - superior facet of greater trochanter of humerus

A - abduction of the arm at GH joint

Question 8

Infraspinatus

Answer 8

O - infraspinas fossa

I - medial facet of greater tubercle of humerus

A - external rotation

Question 9

Teres minor

Answer 9

O - posterior lateral border of scapula

I - inferior facet of greater tubercle of humerus

A - external rotation and adduction of arm

Question 10

Latissmus dorsi

Answer 10

O - medial sacral crest, posterior iliac crest, lower four ribs, spinous process/ supraspinous ligaments of lower half of the thoracic and all lumbar vertebrae

I - floor of intertubercle groove of humerus

A - depresses the scapulothoracic joint

Question 11

Pectoralis major clavicular head

Answer 11

O - medial anterior aspect of the clavicle

I - crest of the greater tubercle of humerus

A - arm flexion

Question 12

Pectoralis major sternocostal head

Answer 12

O - lateral margin of manubrium, anterior surface of sternum and upper six costal cartilages

I - crest of greater tubercle of humerus

A - adducts the arm and medially rotates the arm

Question 13

Pectoralis minor

Answer 13

O - anterior surface of 3rd to 5th ribs

I - medial border of corocoid process

A - depresses and downward rotates the scapulothoracic joint

Question 14

Subclavius

Answer 14

O - extreme anterior end of first rib

I - inferior lateral end of clavicle

A - depresses the scapulothoracic joint

Question 15

Serratus anterior

Answer 15

O - external surfaces of lateral end of 1-8 or 9 ribs

I - entire medial border of scapula

A - protracts the scapulothoracic joint

Question 16

Levator scapula

Answer 16

O - C1 through to C4

I - medial border superior to base of the spine of scapula

A - elevates the scapulothoracic joint

Question 17

Rhomboid minor

Answer 17

O - C7 through to T1

I - medial border at the base of the spine of the scapula

A - elevates the scapulothoracic joint

Question 18

Rhomboid major

Answer 18

O - T2 through to T5

I - medial border inferior to the base of the spine of the scapula

A - downward rotates the scapulothoracic joint

Question 19

Anterior scalene

Answer 19

O - transverse process of C3 to C6

I - anterior surface of 1st rib

A - flexion of the neck

Question 20

Middle scalene

Answer 20

O - transverse process of C2 to C7

I - anterior surface of 1st rib

A - elevates the first rib and lateral flexion

Question 21

Posterior scalene

Answer 21

O - transverse process of C4 to C6

I - anterior surface of 2nd rib

A - elevates the 2nd rib and lateral flexion

Question 22

Coracobrachialis

Answer 22

O - apex of coracoid process

I - medial aspect of middle shaft of humerus

A - elevates the arm through flexion