Biomechanics And Kinesiology - Articular Cartilage Flashcards
1
Q
Main functions of articular cartilage
A
- allows for movement with minimum friction
- deforms more readily than bone
- distributes loads over joint surfaces
- decreases contact surfaces
2
Q
Chondrocytes
A
- manufacture, secrete, organise and maintain organic component of ECM
3
Q
Wear
A
- unwanted removal of material from solid surfaces by mechanical action
4
Q
Two types of wear
A
- interfacial wear
- fatigue wear
5
Q
Interfacial wear
A
- occurs when two moving surfaces come into contact with little or no lubrication between them
6
Q
Two types of interfacial wear
A
- adhesive wear
- abrasive wear
7
Q
Interfacial adhesive wear
A
- occurs when surface fragments adhere to each other when surfaces meet and tear away
8
Q
Interfacial abrasive wear
A
- occurs when a soft material is scraped by a harder one
9
Q
Fatigue wear
A
- due to accumulation of microscopic damage under repetitive stressing
10
Q
Two types of joint lubrication
A
- boundary lubrication
- fluid-film lubrication
11
Q
Boundary lubrication
A
- prevent opposing surfaces touching
12
Q
Five types of fluid-film lubrication
A
- hydrostatic (weeping) lubrication
- hydrodynamic lubrication
- squeeze-film lubrication
- elastohydrodynamic lubrication
- boosted lubrication
13
Q
Hydrostatic (weeping) lubrication
A
- pressure created by muscle contraction around joint, compresses and deforms articular cartilage
- fluid weeps out forming a protective layer
14
Q
Hydrodynamic lubrication
A
- non-parallel joint surfaces slide on each other forming a converging wedge of fluid
- this creates a lifting pressure as joint movement drags fluid into the gap
15
Q
Squeeze-film lubrication
A
- as articular surfaces move together they squeeze fluid film out of area of impending contact
