Biomechanics And Kinesiology - The Knee

Question 1

Bursae

Answer 1

• fluid filled structure

- under high pressure reduces friction

Question 2

Pes anserinus

Answer 2

• where tendons of sartorius, gracilis and semitendinosus meet

Question 3

Iliotibial band

Answer 3

• strong band of tissue connecting tensor fasciae latae to femur and tibia

Question 4

Functions of menisci

Answer 4

• increase contact area between femur and tibia, reducing the stress on articular cartilage
• knee joint lubrication
• joint stabilization

Question 5

Tibial-on-femoral perspective

Answer 5

• tibia will move while the femur is relatively stable

Question 6

Femoral-on-tibial perspective

Answer 6

• femur will move while the tibia is relatively stable

Question 7

Anterior cruciate ligament

Answer 7

• prevents the femur sliding posteriorly on the tibia

- prevents the tibia from sliding anteriorly on the femur

Question 8

Posterior cruciate ligament

Answer 8

• prevents the femur sliding anteriorly on the tibia

- prevents the tibia sliding posteriorly on the femur

Question 9

Primary function of the patella

Answer 9

• aids in knee extension by producing anterior displacement of the quadriceps tendon

Question 10

The Q angle

Answer 10

• excessive lateral tracking of the patella

- angle is formed between the quadriceps line of force and line between patella and tibial tuberosity

Question 11

Adductor longus

Answer 11

O - anterior surface of the body of the pubis

I - linea aspera of the femur

A - adducts the hip

Question 12

Adductor brevis

Answer 12

O - anterior surface of the inferior pubic ramus

I - linea aspera of the femur

A - adducts the hip

Question 13

Biceps femoris long head

Answer 13

O - posterior surface of the ischial tuberosity

I - head of the fibula

A - extends the hip and flexes the knee

Question 14

Biceps femoris short head

Answer 14

O - lateral lip of linea aspera

I - head of the fibula

A - flexes the knee

Question 15

Gluteus maximus

Answer 15

O - outer ilium, posterior gluteal line and posterior side of sacrum and coccyx

I - gluteal tuberosity and iliotibial band

A - extends and externally rotates the hip

Question 16

Gluteus minimus

Answer 16

O - outer surface of the ilium

I - anterior lateral aspect of the greater trochanter of the femur

A - abducts the hip

Question 17

Gracilis

Answer 17

O - anterior aspect of lower body of the pubis and inferior ramus of pubis

I - proximal medial surface of the tibia

A - adducts the hip

Question 18

Psoas major

Answer 18

O - transverse process, lateral bodies of the last thoracic and all lumbar vertebrae

I - lesser trochanter of the femur

A - hip flexion

Question 19

Iliacus

Answer 19

O - iliac fossa, inner lip of iliac crest and across the sacroiliac joint

I - lesser trochanter of the femur

A - hip flexion

Question 20

Pectineus

Answer 20

O - pectinieal line on superior pubic ramus

I - pectineal line on the posterior surface of the femur

A - adducts the hip

Question 21

Piriformis

Answer 21

O - anterior side of the sacrum

I - apex of the greater trochanter of the femur

A - externally rotates the hip

Question 22

Rectus femoris

Answer 22

O - anterior, inferior iliac spine, superior rim of acetabulum and into the hip capsule

I - base of the patella and the tibial tuberosity

A - flexes the hip and extensor of the knee

Question 23

Sartorius

Answer 23

O - anterior superior iliac spine

I - proximal medial surface of the tibia

A - flexes, externally rotates and abducts the hip

Question 24

Semimembranosus

Answer 24

O - posterior surface of the ischial tuberosity

I - posterior aspect of the medial condyle of the tibia

A - extends the hip and flexes the knee

Question 25

Semitendinosus

Answer 25

O - posterior surface of the ischial tuberosity

I - proximal medial surface of the tibia

A - extends the hip and flexes the knee

Question 26

Tensor fasciae latae

Answer 26

O - outer surface of the iliac crest

I - iliotibial band of the fasciae lata

A - flexes and abducts the hip