Biomechanics And Kinesiology - The Knee Flashcards
Bursae
- fluid filled structure
- under high pressure reduces friction
Pes anserinus
- where tendons of sartorius, gracilis and semitendinosus meet
Iliotibial band
- strong band of tissue connecting tensor fasciae latae to femur and tibia
Functions of menisci
- increase contact area between femur and tibia, reducing the stress on articular cartilage
- knee joint lubrication
- joint stabilization
Tibial-on-femoral perspective
- tibia will move while the femur is relatively stable
Femoral-on-tibial perspective
- femur will move while the tibia is relatively stable
Anterior cruciate ligament
- prevents the femur sliding posteriorly on the tibia
- prevents the tibia from sliding anteriorly on the femur
Posterior cruciate ligament
- prevents the femur sliding anteriorly on the tibia
- prevents the tibia sliding posteriorly on the femur
Primary function of the patella
- aids in knee extension by producing anterior displacement of the quadriceps tendon
The Q angle
- excessive lateral tracking of the patella
- angle is formed between the quadriceps line of force and line between patella and tibial tuberosity
Adductor longus
O - anterior surface of the body of the pubis
I - linea aspera of the femur
A - adducts the hip
Adductor brevis
O - anterior surface of the inferior pubic ramus
I - linea aspera of the femur
A - adducts the hip
Biceps femoris long head
O - posterior surface of the ischial tuberosity
I - head of the fibula
A - extends the hip and flexes the knee
Biceps femoris short head
O - lateral lip of linea aspera
I - head of the fibula
A - flexes the knee
Gluteus maximus
O - outer ilium, posterior gluteal line and posterior side of sacrum and coccyx
I - gluteal tuberosity and iliotibial band
A - extends and externally rotates the hip
Gluteus minimus
O - outer surface of the ilium
I - anterior lateral aspect of the greater trochanter of the femur
A - abducts the hip
Gracilis
O - anterior aspect of lower body of the pubis and inferior ramus of pubis
I - proximal medial surface of the tibia
A - adducts the hip
Psoas major
O - transverse process, lateral bodies of the last thoracic and all lumbar vertebrae
I - lesser trochanter of the femur
A - hip flexion
Iliacus
O - iliac fossa, inner lip of iliac crest and across the sacroiliac joint
I - lesser trochanter of the femur
A - hip flexion
Pectineus
O - pectinieal line on superior pubic ramus
I - pectineal line on the posterior surface of the femur
A - adducts the hip
Piriformis
O - anterior side of the sacrum
I - apex of the greater trochanter of the femur
A - externally rotates the hip
Rectus femoris
O - anterior, inferior iliac spine, superior rim of acetabulum and into the hip capsule
I - base of the patella and the tibial tuberosity
A - flexes the hip and extensor of the knee
Sartorius
O - anterior superior iliac spine
I - proximal medial surface of the tibia
A - flexes, externally rotates and abducts the hip
Semimembranosus
O - posterior surface of the ischial tuberosity
I - posterior aspect of the medial condyle of the tibia
A - extends the hip and flexes the knee
Semitendinosus
O - posterior surface of the ischial tuberosity
I - proximal medial surface of the tibia
A - extends the hip and flexes the knee
Tensor fasciae latae
O - outer surface of the iliac crest
I - iliotibial band of the fasciae lata
A - flexes and abducts the hip
