BIOMECHANICS Flashcards
NEWTONS FIRST LAW
LAW OF INERTIA
-A body will remain at rest / at a constant velocity in a straight line unless acted on by another force.
NEWTONS SECOND LAW
LAW OF ACCELERATION
-Acceleration of a body is proportional to the force causing it, the acceleration is in the direction of the force that caused it
NEWTONS SECOND LAW EQUATION
Force = Mass x Acceleration
NEWTONS THIRD LAW
LAW OF ACTION + REACTION
-For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.
DEFINE MOMENTUM
The quantity of motion a moving object has.
WHAT IS THE EQUATION FOR MOMENTUM
Momentum = Mass x Velocity
WHAT IS THE PRINCIPLE OF CONSERVATION OF MOMENTUM
~When an object / performer is in the air, the mass and velocity is constant.
~Once in the air, V&M can’t be changed unless an external force (eg gravity) acts upon them.
DEFINE IMPULSE
A change in momentum
WHAT IS THE EQUATION FOR IMPULSE
Impulse = Force x Time
HOW CAN A PERFORMER USE THEIR KNOWLEDGE OF IMPULSE TO MAXIMISE DISTANCE?
- Applying force over a longer period of time, eg using a rotational technique
- By concentrating on follow through (increased contact time)
- Increase explosive power
- improve technique to improve speed of release.
DEFINE STABILITY
How easy or difficult it is for an object to fall / topple when a force is applied to it.
HOW IS BALANCED ACHIEVED
When a body is stationary and the line of gravity passes through the base of support.
HOW TO INCREASE BALANCE / STABILITY
-Increase the base of support
-Lower the position of the centre of mass.
HOW IS INSTABILITY AVOIDED
“When the centre of mass is outside the base of support, the body will become unstable.”
Q HOW CAN A PERFORMER INCREASE THEIR STABILITY
- The most stable position is when the bodies COM is directly above the base of support.
- A wider base of support means more stability - this can be done by a widened stance.
- Lowering the COM
- Stability is increased
- Increase mass.
