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D2 Fall - Operative III > Biomaterials/Adhesives Review > Flashcards

Biomaterials/Adhesives Review Flashcards

1
Q

What part of the tooth has predictable bonding?

A

Enamel

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2
Q

_______% phosphoric acid is most effective for enamel retention

A

30-40%

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3
Q

What does etching enamel remove?

A

10 um enamel

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4
Q

How long should etch be placed on enamel for?

A

15 sec prior to rinsing

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5
Q

What does etching create?

A

Porous layer 5-50 microns deep

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6
Q

Why should you rinse after etching?

A

For 10 sec to remove acid and leave enamel surface clean for bonding

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7
Q

Etching _______ the surface free energy to _______ the surface tension of bonding material

A

raises; exceed

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8
Q

What is the function of the spaces that etch produces?

A

spaces where resin can penetrate to form
resin tags

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9
Q

Where is mechanical interlocking formed in etch?

A

Between polymerized resin and porosities in etched enamel

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10
Q

What do you apply after etching?

A

Bond agent resin (low viscosity)

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11
Q

Where does bond agent resin flow into after being applied?

A

Microporosities

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12
Q

What does bond agent polymerize into?

A

Micromechanical bond

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13
Q

Describe the bond strength of the incisal and middle third of enamel

A

Predictable and strong

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14
Q

Describe the bond strength of the cervical enamel

A
  • Less strong
  • Shorter and fewer enamel tags
  • Due to presence of prismless enamel
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15
Q

What is the bond strength of perpendicular enamel (enamel rods)?

A

25 MPa

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16
Q

What is the bond strength of parallel enamel (sides of rods)?

A

7-10 MPa

17
Q

Why is dentin challenging to bond?

A

Bond strengths vary

18
Q

Where in dentin has higher bond strength?

A

Superficial dentin more than deeper (close to pulp)

19
Q

Why does superficial dentin have higher bond strength than pulpal?

A

The deeper dentin has more and larger dentinal tubules. This increases the amount of water and reduces the amount of collagen the adhesive is able to interact with and create micromechanical retention.

20
Q

What does dentin bonding require intertubular dentin to do?

A

create hybrid layer in collagenous matrix

21
Q

What are the types of bond systems?

A

Etch and rinse (total etch)
Self-etch

22
Q

How does etch and rinse system work?

A

Etch is separate from bond agent
Primer and bond can be separate (3 step - etchant, primer, bond agent) or together (2 step - etchant, primer and bond agent combined)

23
Q

What are the advantages of the etch and rinse system?

A
  • More predictable, stronger bond
  • Enamel adequately prepared
24
Q

What are the disadvantages of the etch and rinse system?

A
  • Collagen collapse is possible (user error due to overdrying)
  • Etched zone is often deeper than hybrid layer
  • Exposed demineralized, collagen fibrils
  • Post operative sensitivity
25
Q

What is the self-etch system?

A

No phosphoric acid etch step
Acid part of the primer or primer/bond agent

26
Q

What is the 2 step self etch?

A
  • Acidic primer
  • Bonding agents
  • Acidic primer partially dissolves smear
    layer, allows penetration of bond resin
27
Q

What is the 1 step- all in one?

A

Most variable/least predictable
* Acidic primer and bond resin, one silution
* Many require mixing

28
Q

What are advantages of self-etch?

A
  • No separate etch: overdried demineralized collagen not a problem
  • Etched zone and hybrid layer comparable width; however, some exposed collagen
  • Low post operative sensitivity
  • Time efficient
29
Q

What are disadvantages of self-etch?

A
  • Not compatible with self-cure, dual cure composite
  • Acidic monomers, low pH, kills the basic
    amine activator
  • Will not etch unprepared enamel
30
Q

How is the bond strength of self etch primer systems?

A

Long term bond strength is questionable

31
Q

How is the bond strength of self etch adhesives?

A
  • Lower bond strength
  • Long term breakdown
  • Collagen degradation over time
32
Q

What is selective etch?

A

only etch the enamel, NOT dentin

33
Q

What is complete etch?

A

Eetch enamel and dentin

34
Q

Where can universal adhesives be used?

A

In total etch, self etch, or selective etch

35
Q

What is the game changer for universal adhesives?

A

10-MDP

D2 Fall - Operative III (11 decks)

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