Biomaterials Flashcards
What is a biomaterial
A material that is able to perform and not just reside within the body
What governs a materials choice?
Bulk properties: matched those of natural organs EX: mechanical, optical, and chemical
Ability to process
Federal Regulations
Bulk Properties- physical
strength, elasticity, and architecture
Bulk Properties- chemica
degradability, toxicity, water content
Bulk Properties- biological
motifs the cell recognizes
release of soluble components
Metals
Long bearing
High tensile, fatigue, and yield strengths
Low reactivity
orthopedics, dentistry
Ceramics
-contain metallic and nonmetallic elements, ionic and covalent bonding
-occur as minerals
orthopedics, dentistry
Polymers
soft tissues
Natural
natural substances
Composites
A composite material incorporates the desired characteristics of
different materials to meet the stringent demands of living tissue
3 main categories for metals for orthopedic impants
stainless steel
alloys
Metallic foam
Ceramic advantages and disadvantages
advantages- bioactive, high wear resistance, high modulus, fine esthetic properties
disadvantages: brittle, low tensile strength, and poor fatigue resistance
Porous ceramics
Low strength but useful for coatings of metallic implants
Polymers
Variety of mechanical properties
-hydrophilic, hydrophobic, synthetic, biostable, biodegradable
Composites
incorporates the desired characteristics of different materials to meet the stringent demands of living tissue.
PEG
great bioinert material
Example of a polymer
collagen
example of a composite
reinforced plastics
example of a natural
glucose
example of a ceramic
silicon or alumina
example of a metal
stainless steel
What is biocompatible?
-Appropriate immune
response.
-Can be inert or specifically
interactive.
- Similar properties to the
system it is meant to mimic.
- Sterilizable, processable,
non-thrombogenic
PTFE
hydrophobic, high contact angle
glass
hydrophilic, low contact angle
