Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards
Name 7 of the 11 major organ systems and their functions?
Skeletal: support, protection, movement, mineral storage, and blood cell production
Muscular: supporting movement.
Nervous: transmit messages through neurons. Motor: transmit messages from CNS to muscles and other organs. Sensory-transmit messages from the sensory organs to the CNS.
Cardiovascular: the pump, moves nutrients, wastes, oxygen, and hormones through the body, and distributes heat to maintain homeostasis.
Respiratory system: brings oxygen into the body and carries carbon dioxide out
Excretory: remove metabolic wastes
Digestive system: The process of breaking down foods into molecules that the body can use
Circulatory: carry blood and exchange gasses and nutrients from vessel to cells
Reproductive system: produce egg and sperm cells
Lymphatic: transport clean foods back to the blood
What are the three types of muscle tissue?
skeletal: voluntary, you can control them
smooth: involuntary, you cant control them, found in blood vessels, digestive system, and bladder,
cardiac: involuntary, found in heart..
What are the two main parts of the nervous system?
Central nervous system: brain and spinal cord
Peripheral nervous system: axillary nerves, arms and legs
What are the parts of the Circulatory system
Arteries
Veins
Capillaries
Arteries
carry blood away from the heart
Veins
carry blood to the heart
capillaries
exchange gases and nutrients from vessels to cells
Four types of tissue
Epithelial: acts as a covering controlling movement of materials across the surface
Connective: integrates the various parts of the body and provides support and protection to organs
Muscular: tissue allows the body to move
Nervous: propagate information
Events in Tissue Repair
Homeostasis -seconds to hours
Inflammatory phase: hours to days
Proliferative phase-days to week
Remodeling- weeks to months
What is tissue engineering
The practice of combing scaffolds, cells, and biologically active molecules into functional tissues
What is the goal of tissue engineering
Assemble functional constructs that restore, maintain, or improve damaged tissues or whole organs.
What are the four types of Bioprinting?
Ink Jet-printing- bioink is loaded into cartilage and released by a digital design
Extrusion-based printing: solution based deposition and fused deposition modeling
laser-assisted:A pulsed laser beam is directed onto the donor slide coated with the bioink. The laser energy is absorbed by the bioink layer, generating a rapid vaporization and expansion of the bioink material. This creates a pressure wave that propels small droplets of the bioink onto a receiving substrate or scaffold.
lithography:The laser irradiates the ribbon, leading to evaporation of the liquid biological materials.
Ink Jet bioprinting
Extrusions-based printing bioprinting
Laser assisted bioprinting