Biology Vocab 2

Question 1

Matter

Answer 1

A object that takes up space& has mass

Question 2

Mass

Answer 2

Mass is a measurement of how much matter is in an object

Question 3

Element

Answer 3

A substance that cannot be decomposed into simpler substances by chemical means

Question 4

Atom

Answer 4

smallest unit into which matter can be divided

Question 5

Nucleus

Answer 5

The core of the atom

Question 6

Proton

Answer 6

Proton, stable subatomic particle that has a positive charge equal in magnitude to a unit of electron charge

Question 7

Neutron

Answer 7

Neutron, neutral subatomic particle that is a constituent of every atomic nucleus except ordinary hydrogen

Question 8

Atomic number

Answer 8

the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, which determines the chemical properties of an element and its place in the periodic table.

Question 9

Mass Number

Answer 9

the total number of protons and neutrons in a nucleus.

Question 10

Electron

Answer 10

a stable subatomic particle with a charge of negative electricity, found in all atoms and acting as the primary carrier of electricity in solids.

Question 11

Orbital

Answer 11

A space in an atom where an electron is most likely to be found

Question 12

Isotope

Answer 12

Isotopes are different forms of the same element that have the same number of protons, but a different number of neutrons

Question 13

Compound

Answer 13

a substance made up of atoms or two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds

Question 14

Chemical bond

Answer 14

A chemical bond is the force that holds atoms together in a chemical compound

Question 15

Covalent bond

Answer 15

Covalent bonds, which hold the atoms within an individual molecule together

Question 16

Molecule

Answer 16

molecule, a group of two or more atoms that form the smallest identifiable unit into which a pure substance can be divided and still retain the composition and chemical properties of that substance.

Question 17

Ion

Answer 17

Ion, any atom or group of atoms that bears one or more positive or negative electrical charges

Question 18

Ionic bond

Answer 18

An ionic bond is the force of attraction that holds together oppositely charged ions

Question 19

Energy

Answer 19

Specifically, energy is defined as the ability to do work – which, for biology purposes, can be thought of as the ability to cause some kind of change. … Energy is never lost, but it can be converted from one of these forms to another.

Question 20

Chemical Reaction

Answer 20

A chemical reaction is a process in which one or more substances, also called reactants, are converted to one or more different substances

Question 21

Reactant

Answer 21

a substance that enters into and is altered in the course of a chemical reaction

Question 22

Product

Answer 22

Anything that is produced

Question 23

Metabolism

Answer 23

the chemical reactions in the body’s cells that change food into energy

Question 24

Activation energy

Answer 24

the energy needed to initiate a reaction

Question 25

Catalyst

Answer 25

Catalyst, in chemistry, any substance that increases the rate of a reaction without itself being consumed

Question 26

Enzyme

Answer 26

An enzyme is a substance that acts as a catalyst in living organisms

Question 27

Redox reaction

Answer 27

when one molecule loses electrons and is oxidized

Question 28

Oxidation reaction

Answer 28

Oxidation is defined as a process in which an electron is removed from a molecule during a chemical reaction

Question 29

Reduction reaction

Answer 29

An oxidation reaction strips an electron from an atom in a compound, and the addition of this electron to another compound

Question 30

Polar

Answer 30

Pertaining to a compound exhibiting polarity or dipole moment, that is a compound bearing a partial positive charge on one side and a partial negative charge on the other.

Question 31

Hydrogen bond

Answer 31

Hydrogen bonding, interaction involving a hydrogen atom located between a pair of other atoms having a high affinity for electrons

Question 32

Cohesion

Answer 32

Cohesion refers to the attraction of molecules for other molecules of the same kind

Question 33

Adhesion

Answer 33

Adhesion is the attraction of molecules of one kind for molecules of a different kind

Question 34

Capillarity

Answer 34

the action by which the surface of a liquid where it is in contact with a solid (as in a capillary tube) is elevated or depressed depending on the relative attraction of the molecules of the liquid for each other and for those of the solid

Question 35

Solution

Answer 35

Solution, in chemistry, a homogenous mixture of two or more substances in relative amounts that can be varied continuously up to what is called the limit of solubility

Question 36

Solute

Answer 36

component of a solution: in a solution, the dissolving substance is called a solvent whereas the dissolved substance is called a solute

Question 37

Solvent

Answer 37

Solvent, substance, ordinarily a liquid, in which other materials dissolve to form a solution.

Question 38

Concentration

Answer 38

to the measure of the amount of a sub-component in a solution

Question 39

Saturated solution

Answer 39

A solution in which the maximum amount of solvent has been dissolved

Question 40

Aqueous solution

Answer 40

An aqueous solution is one in which the solvent is liquid water

Question 41

Hydroxide ion

Answer 41

Hydroxide is a polyatomic ion consisting of oxygen and hydrogen

Question 42

Hydronium

Answer 42

the hydrogen ion bonded to a molecule of water, H3O+, the form in which hydrogen ions are found in aqueous solution

Question 43

Acid

Answer 43

An acid is a molecule or ion capable of either donating a proton

Question 44

Base

Answer 44

Base, in chemistry, any substance that in water solution is slippery to the touch, tastes bitter, changes the colour of indicators

Question 45

pH scale

Answer 45

pH is a measure of how acidic/basic water is

Question 46

Buffer

Answer 46

In ecology, a buffer species is a plant or an animal that becomes an alternate prey to a predator